90 



satisfactory sized stream for this work, though rather 

 small. 



The water used must be soft, for if hard no stable 

 emulsion can be prepared, and it sometimes happens that 

 foreiijn substances chancing' to be present, will prevent 

 the emuLsitication. In ease limestone or hard water is 

 to be employed, it should be broken by the addition of a 

 small quantity of lye. If a lot of soap solution and oil, 

 for any reason, fails to emulsif}^ properly, the best thing 

 to do is to throw the whole away, carefully clean up the 

 pump, wash out all the vessels used and begin over. 



Properties of the Emulsion. — The emulsion, if well 

 umde of the proper soap, will retain its creamy consis- 

 tency when cold, and is easily mixed with water in all 

 proportions. No alarm should be felt if a small portion 

 of the soap and water fails to emulsify, and separates at 

 the bottom, nor, if after being exposed to the air for some 

 time, a thin scum forms over the surface. If on long 

 standing globules of free oil rise to the surface, or if a 

 thin ring of oil collects around the sides of the contain- 

 ing vessel, the emulsion should either be thrown away, 

 or warmed up and agitated afresh. 



When diluted the emulsion mav slowlv rise, like 

 cream, to the surface, and in order to prevent this the 

 spray pnmp in which it is to be used should be provided 

 v.ith an agitator. 



Never try to boil the kerosene over the fire; it is not 

 necessary, and besides it is very dangerous. 



THE Li:\rE, SULPHUH AND SALT WASH. 



FORMULA AND DIRECTIONS. 



This wash n)ay be prepared by combining lime, sul- 

 phur and salt in several different proportions, but the 

 folloAving appears to be the generally accepted formula : 



Quick lime 30 pounds. 



Salt 15 pounds. 



Flower of sulphur 20 pounds. 



Water to make 60 gallons. 



Slake half the lime carefully and place it in a large 

 kettle with 25 gallons of water; grind the sulphur up 

 with a little water, breaking the lumps as fine as pos- 

 sible by passing through a seive and add to the lime; boil. 



