seem to not go inside of the closed dark pupa boxes, but will 

 crawl through ordinary mosquito screen. The chrysalides 

 were bred as the others in 90° temperature and humidity ; 

 we got in the first generation 25 females and 16 males; they 

 all had the large ocelli of the hindwings a little more purple 

 in color, but had retained the yellow semi-circle in the upper 

 half, iust as the other lot in the second generation. 



We obtained in this first generation, however, some but- 

 terflies with abnormal parts, which are worth, accurately de- 

 scribing here. We noticed that one of the caterpillars was 

 some^vhat deformed, and as this was the first one that was 

 seen in five years of breeding manv thousands of Junonia, in 

 that time, we put this peculiarly shaped caterpillar in a sepa- 

 rate cage for further observations ; the body was, from the 

 head to the fifth segment, straight and normal, when at that 

 point it bent into an elbow occupying two full segments, and 

 then the remainder of the specimen was normal; the hind 

 part of the body was in that way turned to the right fully half 

 the thickness of the caterpillar; the chrysalis was in all outer 

 appearances normal ; the butterfly had three normally devel- 

 ODed winus, but the left hind wing remained small and wrin- 

 kled, a piece of the pupa-case still hanging to it, and this 

 seemed to have stopped the expansion of the wing; this piece 

 of the Dupa case may stand in connection with the abnormally 

 shaped caterpillar. One specimen we obtained had the right 

 side n^ale and the left female in characters, a hermaphrodite; 

 this is the second phenomenon observed in our Junonia 

 breeding experiments. We obtained, however, five females 

 and one'^male with abnormal antenna, and this is remarkable 

 as up to this time only some small malformations were ob- 

 served in rare cases in these delicate organs; as they emerged 

 some davs apart a possible sudden rise or fall in the tempera- 

 ture by breeding could not have caused it; the causes of these 

 many abnormal malformations seem to stand rather more in 

 some wav in connection with our crossing of the different 

 colors and markings of the male and female ; besides the above 

 named malformations, some females had the color of the wings 

 abnormal. The malformation of the antennse consisted in one 

 female of having no antennje at all, and, furthermore, had 

 .nly one of the two organs known as the labial pajpi ; another 

 had no antennj^p and no palpi; as these two palpi have their 

 place on each side of the tongue which is rolled up when not 

 feeding-, this butterfly could not hold its rolled-up tongue 

 concealed, and it was therefore, most of the time, stretched 

 out in a semi-curve, the tongue seemed also somewhat shorter 

 than in other specimens of the same size. One had only a 

 left antenna; another had only a quarter length of the left 

 antenna without a club at the end ; one male had only the left 

 antenna normal ; and the last one, a female, had also no 



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