exceeding fast out of the spots, 150 miles a minute. Different ele- 

 ments are seen to go in a spot from what goes out. The action of 

 these spots are what may be turned cyclones and this could be seen in 

 the photo of the sun shown. The different elements give different 

 displacements of the lines, and consequently show the strength; which 

 was illustrated in detail by figures, etc. 



Calcium vapor rises 24,000 kilometres, or 15,000 miles, increasing 

 from a pressure of xlO to 0. As on the earth, it was shown that the 

 heavy elements are at the surface of the sun, and the lighter further 

 up. Hydrogen is found at the surface of the earth, but a certain 

 distance no oxygen. An Edinburgh student has confirmed some of 

 St. John's conclusions. 



The special problem to solve is whether three little lines in the 

 red of the spectum are oxygen; and it is hoped to solve this some day. 

 Dr. St. John explained the operation of the spectro heliograph on 

 Mt. Wilson, by which most of these observations are made. Questions 

 and a short discussion followed. 



Dr. George W. James was the next speaker, who spoke on Recol- 

 lections of the late Dr. Lewis Swift, former directors of the Lowe 

 Observatory, Echo Mountain. Dr. James was very intimate with both 

 Dr. Swift and Prof. Lowe and his talk was full of interesting anecdote; 

 he will publish accounts of these two men in "Out West," of which he 

 is the editor. 



Dr. James spoke of pure and applied science, which was to the 

 point. Swift was devoted to pure science and Lowe to applied science, 

 though not particularly materialistic. The pure scientist is a rnan of 

 imagination, and such men are really necessary to a commercialistic 

 community. 



Mr. Knight announced a meeting of the Academy on Thursday 

 evening, February 6. 



Mr. Tom P. Smith announced the next meeting of the new 

 astronomical club at the L. A. High School. 



Adjournment at 10 o'clock. 



F. GRINNELL, JR., 



Acting Secretary. 



The Entomological Club met on Thursday evening, February 27, 

 1913, at the residence of Victor L. Clemence, 247 E. Green street, 

 Pasadena, with the following men present:. V. L. Clemence. H. H. 

 Newcomb, H. C. Fall, W. BoUerman, A. G. Smith, Foster Daniels, 

 and F. Grinnell, Jr. 



Mr. H. H. Newcomb read some newspaper clippings concerning 

 various topic of Entomology, mostly of a humorous character; he 

 exhibited a copy of Denton's Butterflies, which contain the direct im- 

 pression of the wings and conserving the true color; and made a sug- 

 gestion about the advantages to be gained by a combination of Ento- 

 mological journals, of which there are too many. 



Mr. Grinnell read a more or less lengthy correspondence between 

 J. M. Aldrich and C. W. Stiles, and between Aldrich and E. P. Pelt 

 concerning certain questions of Entomological nomenclature, which 

 provoked considerable discussion by those present. 



Informal discussion on various topics. Entomological and non- 

 Entomological, was enthusiastically engaged in. and after the serving 



of light re'freshments the meeting adjourned at 10 o'clock. 



F. GRINNELL. JR., 



Acting Secretary. 



The Zoological Section of the Southern California Academy of 

 Sciences met on Friday evening at the residence of Mr. and Mrs. J. 



51 



