ditions. During the progress of such a storm a spark several 

 inches long can be taken off the lower end of an aerial one 

 hundred feet high. This presented an opportunity to test the 

 theory that had been formed as to the cause of the phenomena 

 presented above. If the theory is correct then the galvanom- 

 eter ought to deflect to the red as it had in the afternoon, be- 

 cause the air was in a highly charged condition or highly 

 ionized. Under these conditions, with the apparatus arranged 

 as in the first experiment, the following table of data were 

 obtained : 



TABLE V. 



The electric storm continued throughout the three days 

 indicated in table V and for some time thereafter. The results 

 of this experiment confirmed the results obtained in the pre- 

 vious ones. During the prevalence of this storm the air was 

 highly ionized and consequently the bullet deflected the gal- 

 vanometer in an opposite direction to that of the battery. This 

 indicates that the bullet was carrying a positive charge. The 

 deflection was the same all day, because the air was as highly 

 ionized in the morning as it was in the afternoon. In experi- 

 ments 8 and 9 water was used as a bullet and the direction of 

 the galvanometer was reversed. 



At this point our transformer became drenched and the 

 experiments were discontinued. No investigation has yet been 

 undertaken to determine why the water should charge oppo- 

 sitely to the other materials employed. 



An examination of the above data, in conjunction with the 

 supposition that it is the negative charge that flows brings out 

 dearly the following facts: 



1. In the morning the bullet induces a current in the 

 transformer in a direction opposite to that in which it is mov- 

 ing, thus acting like a moving negative charge, since the bat- 

 tery with current from copper to zinc induces a current in the 

 transformer in the opposite direction to which it is flowing, 

 and hence in the same direction as the current induced by the 

 bullet. 



66 



