26 



according to soil and climate. It has frequently measured over 300 feet 

 in height. E. gunnii is of a greener foliage thau the gums in general, 

 has a wavy or fluted leaf, and is a free bloomer, with small white flowers. 

 Hardy in England. It has at times a tendency to irregular and fantastic 

 forms of growth. 



E. amygdalina. This giant has been noted in the damp Victorian 

 gorges to reach a height of 480 feet, but it does not attain the cubic 

 contents of timber of the Sequoia. Its extreme height is due to long, 

 delicate branches very different from those of our big tree. In Cali- 

 fornia we have been disappointed in this tree because probably we 

 expected too much. It has not grown as fast as several other species 

 nor finally made so large a tree. E. globulus, for instance, exceeds it 

 here in every way. There are several varieties of E. amygdalina or of 

 closely allied species. These are E. amygdalina, E. cocci/era, E. risdoni, 

 E. regnans, and E. linnea. 



Besides E. cocci/era, the E. risdoni stands low temperature. In 

 California the narrow-leafed variety, or perhaps a sport, has withstood 

 uninjured a temperature of 9° and perhaps even a short exposure of a 

 lower temperature. The leaf has a pungent odor resembling a mixture 

 of eucalyptus and peppermint, and the tree is commonly called pepper- 

 mint gum. 



E. liemipliloia, with a large percentage of oil containing eucalyptol, 

 is reported as growing well in sandy places. It might, therefore, suc- 

 ceed better in such soils than the blue gum, which likes a rich soil. 



SPECIES IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. 



The species of eucalyptus most popular in southern California at the 

 present time are in about the order named as follows : 



E. globulus, the blue gum, is first on account of its continued rapid 

 growth, sanitary and medicinal effects, good fuel, fine piling, and gen- 

 eral hardiness and vigor in all our valleys opening to or not far from 

 the ocean. It makes new crops of fuel rapidly when pollarded, being 

 in this respect like a willow. The blue gum plantations far exceed 

 in importance those of all other forest trees whatever. In California 

 when the eucalyptus is spoken of — as "a row of eucalyptus," " a grove 

 of eucalyptus,'' " eucalyptus leaves," etc. — E. globulus is meant and 

 taken for granted. This is the species which has been almost exclu- 

 sively used for its attributed ameliorating or inhibitory effects upon 

 malarial disease. This antimalarial influence of certain eucalypts may 

 interest sections in our Southern States. The blue gum when young 

 will not stand frosts below 25° F. The mature trees have, however, 

 withstood temporary temperatures down to 18°, with some frost burn. 



E. corynocalyx, sugar gum, largely planted as a roadside tree in the 

 warm and dry interior, makes a good head with dark green, shining 

 leaves. The timber in Australia is highly valued. Does not resist 

 severe frost. 



