.Jo I III Jcfl'iri/. 59 



ruptly iiround the northern end of the Selkirk Mountains, de- 

 scended it to Fort Colville. on the Columhia a few miles above 

 the moutli of Colville River, in the present state of Washington. 

 He arrived at this place about INIa}^ 13, 1851. 



On July 9 JeftYey was at the junction of the Okanogan and 

 Siniilkameen (spelled by him Semekemele) rivers, in Washing- 

 ton, just south of the present British boundary, having reached 

 that point doubtless by descending the Columbia river from 

 Fort Colville to the mouth of the Okanogan and following the 

 latter to its forks. Ke then ascended the Similkameen and its 

 branch, the Tulameen, stopping at Campment des Femmes, near 

 the mouth of Otter River, a northern tributary of the Tulameen, 

 and proceeded across the country westward to Fraser River. 

 He api)ears to have descended immediately to Vancouver Island, 

 for the circulars mention certain plants collected there in July, 

 1851, and then to have returned to the Fraser. He went ui) 

 this river at least as far as 50° 23' north latitude, collecting from 

 August 11 to September 27 to an altitude of 6,000 and even 

 8,000 feet in the mountains east of the river. He made collec- 

 tions also in the autumn on Mount Baker, in extreme north- 

 western Washington, one entry being as late as October 2. 



The winter of 1851-'52 and the following spring, until at least 

 April 24, JefFre}^ spent on Vancouver Island, probably at Vic- 

 toria. In May, 1852, he was at Fort Nisqually, Washington, at 

 the head of Puget Sound, and in the same month he went on 

 southward to Fort Vancouver (site of the present town of Van- 

 couver, Washington), on the Columbia River. Remaining here 

 Ibr about two njonths, he next engaged in an expedition, from 

 abt)ut August 1 to November 1, to the valleys of Uni])(|ua, 

 Klamath, Trinity, and Rogue rivers, Siskiyou Mountains, Cas- 

 cade Mountains, and Mount Shasta, all in southern Oregon and 

 northern California. On December 4, 1852, he was on jNIount 

 Jefferson, in the Cascade Mountains of Oregon, about latitude 

 44°. 



Jeffrey passed the winter of 1852-'53, like the preceding one, 

 on the lower Columbia. In the ibllowing season, 1853, he re- 

 i)eated in part his work of the preceding year, collecting in the 

 Umpqua Valley and the Siskiyou Mountains on Clear Creek, 

 Mount Shasta, Applegate River, Scott Mountain, and the Coast 

 Range, on the Sierra Nevada in latitude 38°, in the Sacramento 

 Valley, and the American fork of the Sacramento, and at San 

 Francisco Bay. 



