PHACOTUS. 



[ 591 ] 



rillALINA. 



BiBL. Lindsay, Bnt. Lich. 318 ; Qti. Mic. \ 

 Jn. 18G9, 143. 



PHACO'TUS, Pert)'.— A genus of Cryp- 

 tomonadiua. 



Char. Body round, biconvex, with two or 

 fom- filaments. Probably it is one of the 

 Algfe. 



BiBL. Pritchard, Infus. 513. 

 PHA'CUS, Nitzsch, Buj.— A genus of 

 Flagellate Infusoria, family Thecamona- 

 dina. 



Char. Body flattened and leaf -like, usu- 

 ally gTcen, with an anterior red (eye-) spot, 

 a single flageUiform filament, and covered 

 with a resisting membranous integument, 

 prolonged posteriorly like a tail. Fresh- 

 water. 



Dujardin distmguishes this genus from 

 Euglena, by the constancy of the form of 

 the body, which varies every moment in 

 the latter genus. 



P. pleuronedes (PI. 31. fig. 62). Body 

 oval, almost circular, green, with slightly 

 marked longitudinal furrows, and a tail-like 

 prolontration a third or fourth of its length ; 

 length''l-630". 



P. longicaudus (PI. 31. figs. 3 & 63). Other 

 species. 



BiBL. Duj. Inf. 334; Archer, Qu. Mic. 

 Jn. 1871, 99 ; 



PH^OSPO'RE^, Thuret. See Fr- 



COIDEiE, p. 338. 



PHALANSTE'RIUM, Cienk.— A genus 

 of Choano-Flagellate Infusoria. Bodies 

 ovate, flagellum single, with a basal collar ; 

 imbedded in a simple or branched gelatinous 

 zoary. Two species ; freshwater. (Cien- 

 kowski, Arch. mikr. An. iv. 428 ; Kent, 

 Inf. 361.) 



■pHAJ.LOIDE'I.— A family of Gastero- 

 mycetous Fungi, characterized by the pro- 

 trusion of a large clavate, columnar, stellate 

 body, or globular, hollow, latticed frame- 

 work, from the summit of the burst peri- 

 dium. The basidiospores mast be observed 

 early here, as thej' fall off and form a deli- 

 quescent mass upon the hymenium when 

 the sporange is mature. The fleshy struc- 

 tiu'e protruded from the dehiscent capsule 

 is composed of spherical ceUs very loosely 

 connected ; the peridium, which is very 

 tough, is composed of closely packed, very 

 slender, filamentous cells. 



BiBL. Berkeley, Ann. N. H. iv. 155 ; Br. 

 Fl. ii. pt. 2. 226 ; Eossmann, Bot. Zeit. xi. 

 185. 



PHAPtCID'JA, Korb.— A genus of 

 Micro-lichens found on the apothecia of 



Lecanora. Spores 8 ; 2-4-locular, colourless, 

 linear, or rod-shaped. (Lindsay, Qu. Mic. 

 Jn. 1869, 343.) 



PHASCA'CE^E.— A family of iuopercu- 

 late Acrocarpous (termiiial-fruited) Mosses, 

 uunute, gi-egarious or csespitose, with a 

 simple or branched stem. Leaves oblong, 

 oval, lanceolate or spathulate, concave, with 

 a thick cylindrical nerve ; the cells of the 

 leaves parenchymatous, looser at the base, 

 by degrees denser towards the summit, 

 mostly papillose. Capsules mostly obliquely 

 apicuiate, with spores larger than in most 

 Mosses, but not so large as in Arciiidjum. 

 Columella soon vanishing in the smaller 

 species. 



British Genera. 



Acaulon. Plants very dwarf, gregarious. 

 Capsule coutaiued in the closed perichiBte. 

 Cal}^tra mitre-shaped, dimidiate. In- 

 florescence monoecious (antheridia on a 

 distinct branch at the base of the steiu) : or 

 dioecious (autheridia terminal on a distinct 

 plant), bud-like. 



Phascum. Plants cfespitose. Pericheete 

 open. Capsule on a longish stalk, and 

 mostly obliquely apicuiate. Calyptra dimi- 

 diate. Inflorescence monoecious (autheridia 

 terminal in a bud on a distinct lateral branch, 

 or naked and axillary on the fruit-bearing 

 branch), or dioecious. 



PHASCO'LON, Stem.— A genus of 

 Hypotrichous Infusoria. Free, plano-convex, 

 broadest in fi'ont; pharynx enclosing a 

 rod-fascicle. P. vorticeUa ; freshwater ; 

 length 1-288". • (Kent, Inf. 746.) 



PHAS'CUM, L.— A genus of Phascacete 

 (Acrocarpous Mosses), which is now sub- 

 divided variously by ditferent authors. 

 Wilson separates the earlier Ph. alterni- 

 fulium only, under the name of Archidiitm ; 

 "foreign authors fiu'ther distinguish between 

 PiL\scuM, Acaulon, Ephkmertjm, and 

 AsTOMUJi. Species retained : Ph. crispmn, 

 cnsjtidatttm, curvicollum, rectum, hryoides. 

 Ph. cuspidattim is very common on banks, 

 especiallv on a gravelly soil. 



BiBL." Wilson, Bryol. Br. 32; Hooker, 

 Br. Fl. ii. pt. 1. 6. 



PHLALI'NA, Boiy, Ehr.— A genus of 

 Holotrichous Infuijoria, family Ti-achelina. 



Char. Body finely ciliated, ha^-ing a kind 

 of neck crowned with large cilia; mouth 

 lateral, below the appendix to the neck ; 

 freshwater. 



P. viridis (PI. .".1. fig. 61). Body oval, 

 tiask-shaped, gi-eeu, suddenly naiTowed in 



