PHIALONEMA. 



592 ] 



PHLYCT.ENA. 



front and graduallv behind, neck short 

 length 1-290". 



P. vei'micularis. White. 



EiBL. Ehr. Inf. 333 ; Clap, et Lach. Inf. 

 304; Kent, Lif.' old. 



PHIALONE'MA, Stein.— A genns of 

 Flagellate Infusoria. Free, flask-shaped, 

 oral aperture everted, with a single lateral 

 flagellum. P. cyclodomum, surface spirally 

 ribbed or striate; freshwater; length 1-500". 

 (Kent, Inf. 373.) 



PHILODI'NA, Ehr.— A genus of Rota- 

 toria, of the family PhilodiniBa. 



Char. Eyes two, cervical ; tail-like foot 

 with horn-like lateral processes. 



Ehrenberg describes seven species ; fresh- 

 water ; in general structure and appearance 

 closely resembling Rotifer. 



P. ~ erythrophtholma (PI. 44. tig. 17). 

 Colourless, smooth, ej-es round, processes 

 of foot short; length 1-120 to 1-50". 



P. roseola is reddish, the eyes oval ; 

 P. collaris has a projecting cervical ring ; 

 P. citrina has the middle of the body yel- 

 lowish ; P. macrustyla has oblong eyes, and 

 the foot-processes very long ; in P. megalo- 

 trocha the eyes are oval, and the rotatory 

 organs very large ; and in P. aculeata the 

 body is covered with soft setaceous pro- 



BiBL. Ehr. Inf. 498; Pritchard, Inf. 

 705. 



PHILODIN.E'A, Ehr.— A fiimily of 

 Rotatoria. 



Char. No sheath or carapace ; rotatory 

 organs two, simple, resembling two wheels 

 when the cilia are in motion. 



Body usually cylindrical, or somewhat 

 spindle-shaped, contractile even so as to 

 form a ball. In certain states of extension 

 it sometimes appears pointed in front, 

 from the presence of a proboscis ; in others 

 the two ciliated rotatory organs are pro- 

 truded. 



The animals are capable of swimming l^y 

 means of the cilia, or of creeping like a 

 leech, the ends of the body being alter- 

 nately fixed. The tail-like foot is often 

 furnished with horn-like lateral processes 

 and terminal toes. 



Ehrenberg distinguishes seven genera : — 



A. Eye8 absent. 



a. Proboscis and horn-like lateral pro- j. Callidina. 



cess on the foot present S 



p. Proboscis and horn-like processes j. 



absent S . 



.1. Rotary organ stalked Hydruis. 



b. Rotary organ not stalked Typhlina . 



B. Eyes present. 



Eyes two, frontal. 

 Foot with horn-lite processes. 



Toes two S-oiifer. 



Toes three AcUnurus. 



Foot without horn-like proces- Ij^onolabis. 



ses, but with two toes ) 



Eyes two, cerTical Philodina. 



BiBL. Ehrenberg, Infns. p. 481. 



PHILOME'DES, LiUjeborg.— A Cypri- 

 dinad, with suboval valves, notched in front, 

 spined behind, pimctate. Upper Hntennge 

 G-jointed, longer in the male : natatory 

 branch of lower antennae 9-jointed, secon- 

 dary branch setose in the female, cheliform 

 in the male. Eyes small and pale in female, 

 large and red in male. 1 British species, 

 rare. 



BiBL. Brady, Linn. Tr. xxvi. 377 ; Pr. 

 Zool. Sac. 187i, 291. 



PHILOP'TERUS, Nitzsch.— A genus of 

 Anoplurous Insects, of the family Philo- 

 pteridse. 



Char. Antennae filiform, five-jointed; 

 maxillary palpi none ; mouth with strong 

 toothed mandibles ; tarsi with two claws. 



The species are very numerous, and have 

 been arranged in six subgenera : Docopho- 

 rus, Nirmus, Goniocotes, Goniodes, Lipeuras, 

 and Ornifhobius. In some of them there are 

 two movable oigaus (trabeculae) situated 

 in front of the antennae. 



P. (Docophorus) communis (PI. 35. fig. 5). 

 Chestnut- coloured, shining, with white 

 hairs ; head triangular, elongate, anterior 

 portion much produced ; trabeculae very 

 large, curved ; posterior femora much incras- 

 sated and toothed below. Length 1-16". 



Parasitic upon the Passeres or Insessores. 



BiBL. Deunv, Anoplur. Monogr. 02. 

 . PHLE'BI.\J Fr.— A genus of Hymeno- 

 mycetous Fungi, intermediate between 

 Hydnei and Auricularini. The hymenium 

 is' soft and pinclied up into crest-like 

 :sNTiukles or veins, which do not fi^irm di- 

 stinct pores. Four species are found in this 

 country, of which two at least are very 

 prettv when in perfection. 



Biuj.. Fv.Si/sf. Myc. i. 426 ; Grev. t. 280; 

 Hass. ii. t. 44; Berk. Outl. 263; Cooke, 

 IlaiuJh. 305. 



PIlLOEM.~The liber-portion of the 

 fibro-vascular bundles of stems. 



PHLYCTyE'NA, Desmaz.— A genus of 

 Sphajronemei (Stylosporous Fungi), nearly 

 related to Sepforia, difiering in the absence 

 of a proper peritliecium. P. vayabunda has 

 been found in Britain. 



BiBL. Berk, and Broome, Ann. N. H. 2. 



