SPILEROBOLUS. 



[ '04 ] 



SPH^RONEMA. 



Oomyces. Peritliecia erect, several cou- 

 taioed in a shiiiiug- sac, free towards the 

 upper part ; ostiole punctiform ; asci linear ; 

 spore iiliform, very long. 



Splueria. Peritliecia black, papilla covered 

 by a veil or by the matrix, soujetimes beaked, 

 indurated, ostiolate, black ; asci usually 

 eig-ht-spored ; spores usually septate, dis- 

 charged as a powder. 



Fig. 657. 



Fig. 655. 



Fio-. 656. 



Siilioeria elongata. 



Fig. 6-'i5. Eiumpent lines of perithecia. Nat. size. 

 Fig. 666. Portion of one in end view. Magnified 20 



diameters. 

 Fig. 657. Asci and paraphysea from a perithecium. 

 Magnified 200 diameters. 



SPIT^.ROB'OLUS, Tode.— A genus of 

 Kididavini (Gasteromycetous Fungi), con- 

 sisting of a peridium of several layers, the 

 inner one of which is suddenly reversed, 

 and discharges the globose sporangia. 



BiBL. Tul. Fimq. Hyp. t. 21. f. 11 ; Berk. 

 Oiifl. tab. 21. f. 2 ; Cooke, Handh. 412. 



SPHyEROCAR'PUS, Kiitz. = Staubo- 



CAItPTJS. 



SPH.EROCARTUS, Mich.— A genus 

 ofRiccieffi (Hepaticae). S. terrestris (fig. 

 658) is a minute Liverwort growing on the 

 ground, especially, it is said, in clover- fields. 

 The ironds are from 1-4 to 1-2" long, palish 

 green, very thin and membranous, the lower 

 surface adhering to the ground by radical 

 hairs. The middle part of the upper .surface 

 bears a quantity of fruits, which consist at 

 first of urchegonia and anthcridia, like tho.se 

 of other Liverworts, surrounded by a cu])- 

 like open pei-icha;te (?), which gradually 

 grows up over the fertilized archegonium 

 and closes at the lop, so as to form a pyri- 

 form sac, presenting an oriliceat thesunmiit. 

 The archegonium ripens into a globular 



.sporange, containing spores without elaters, 

 Clowned by a curious Uttle styliform process. 

 The spores are discharged by irregular rup- 

 ture. The walls of the sporange are com- 

 posed of simple parenchymatous cells, with- 

 out spiral-fibrous layers. While the spo- 

 range is ripening, the perichsete enlarges 

 into a loose, obconical, green membranous 

 sac, through the thin walls of which the 

 globular sporange is visible (fig. 658). 



Fig. 658. 



6ph:erocarpu3 terrestris. 



A frond with periebsetes containing sporanges; 



one cut open. 



Magnified 10 diameters. 



RiBL. Hook. B): Flor. ii. pt. 1. 103 ; Bis- 

 cliofl". Nova Acta, xiii. 150 ; Lindeuberg, ib. 

 xviii. 406 ; Fitt, Huoker's J,i. Bot. 1847, vi. 

 287. 



SPILEROCOC'CUS, Stackh.— A genus 

 of Rhodymeniaceai (Florideous Algfe), con- 

 taining one British species, S. coronopifolms 

 (PL 44. fig. 14), having a flat, linear, 'disti- 

 chously branched frond of crimson colour 

 and cartilaginous texture, of fan-like outhne; 

 parenchymatous, with an internal denser rib 

 and cortical layer; 6 to 12" long. The 

 upper branches have their margins set with 

 minute tooth-like processes, about 1-24" 

 long, in some of which the spherical concep- 

 tacles are imbedded. 



BiBL. Harv. Mar. Ahj. 128; Greville, 

 Alq. Br. pi. 15. 



SPH^ROIBI'NA, D'Orb.— A roundish, 

 sublobate, hyaline P'oraminifev, near Glohi- 

 (jerina, but of denser structure, and folded 

 somewhat like a Miliola. Recent and fossil. 



S. anstriaca (PI. 24. fig. 4). 



BiBL. Carpenter, Introd. For. 185. 



SPIlyEROM'PIIALE.— A genus of Try- 

 petheliene (Angiocarpous Lichens), nearly 

 rehited to J^erriiraria. 



SPHtERONE'MA, Fr. — a genus of 

 S]iha'ronemei (Stylosporous Fungi), charac- 

 terized chiefly by the spores wliich emeige 

 from the pore becoming glued together into 



