CHLORATE. 



[ 107 ] 



CIILOROGONIUM. 



ends ; radiate processes in a whorl of four, 

 at tirst obtuse, then subacute ; flagelliform 

 filaments 4-5; length 1-1030"; freshwater. 



It revolves radidly upon its axis, and 

 undergoes spontaneous division. 



Two other species, one marine. 



BiBL. Ehr. Ber. Bed. Ak. 1848, 236; 

 Kent, luf. .'ilo. 



CHLORATE OF Potash. See Potash. 



CHLO'REA, Xvl.— A genus of Lichens, 

 family Lichenacei, tribe Usnei. 



6 species. C. vidpina occurs in Europe. 



BiBL. Nyl. Syn. 274, pi. 8. f. 13-15; Jacq. 

 Misc. ii. pi! 10. fig. 4. 



CHLORIDES. See the bases. 



CHLOROCHYT'RIUM, Cohu.— A ge- 

 nus of Confervoid Unicellular Algae, allied 

 to Hydrociitium., Cliaracium, and Chj/tridiiim ; 

 consisting of single, globose-ovoid, or irre- 

 gularly curved, 2-3- or multilobed cells, 

 densely filled with green protoplasm ; first 

 diA-iding into larger segments, then separa- 

 ting into innumerable pyriform zoospores, 

 escaping through a tubular process. 



C. lemnce. In the parenchyma of Lemna 

 trisuica ; diam. ^ jo". 



BiBL. Cohn, Beitr. i. 1, 87; Wright, Tr. 

 Irish Acad. xxvi. 



CHLOROCOC'CUM, Grev. — A genus 

 of Palmellaceae (Confervoid Algse). 



We have assig-ned to this the common 

 green pulverulent stratum which is found 

 upon eveiT old tree, on all old palings and 

 other exposed woodwork, &c. K this proves 

 to be really a distinct plant, and not an 

 accumulation of germinating gonidia of 

 Lichens, it will still difter from the plants 

 we have assembled under the name of Pro- 

 toeoccKS in its general habit, especially in 

 the absence of zoospores. This point is, 

 however, still open to inquiry, since it 

 appears that the gonidia of the Lichens do 

 divide into two, fom", and eight, to form a 

 pulverulent stratum, which exactly repre- 

 sents Chlofococciim and Prutococcus. 



Chi. vulgare, Grev. (PI. 7. fig. 1). A 

 collection of extremely minute cells, multi- 

 plying by division into twos and fom-s, no 

 gelatinous substratum, no zoospores. Dia- 

 meter of single cells 1-3000 to 1-4000" 

 (Protococciis viridis, 1-2000 to 1-3000"). Old 

 dry palings, bark of trees, iSrc. eveiywhere. 

 Calculating from the known size of the cells 

 and the wide distribution, this, if a species, 

 would appear to be the most fecund A.lga 

 in existence. There are 300 millions of in- 

 dividuals on a square inch, in a layer 1-100" 

 thick ; and such layers clothe almost every 



piece of unpainted timber and old trunk we 

 meet with in the country. C. murorum, Gr. 

 is perhaps a Palmoyhcd, Kiitz. 



Rabenhorst remarks that this species 

 closely resembles the gonidia of Lichens, 

 but that the cells have a nucleus, which is 

 wanting in the Licheii-gonidia. This is, 

 however, incorrect, as the nucleus is quite 

 distinct in these gonidia. 



Rabenhorst describes 12 species ; but 

 places C. vuhjare in the genus Pleurococcus. 

 BiBL. Greville, Crypt. FL pi. 262; Has- 

 saU, Algte, pi. 81. fig. 5. 



CIILOROGONIUM, Ehr.— A genus of 

 Infusoria, of the family Astasitea. 



Char. A red eye-spot, a tail, and two 

 anterior filaments. (ISf ot attached by a fixed 

 pedicle.) 



C. euchlornm (PI. 30. fig. 31). Spindle- 

 shaped, acute at each end, tail short ; length 

 1-1150 to 1-280". Found in enormous 

 numbers in pools and puddles ; frequently 

 as many as 10,000 in a single drop. 



These organisms do not admit colouring- 

 matter or foreign bodies ; hence they are 

 probably not Infusoria, but Algae. They 

 often adhere to each other in gi'oups by the 

 so-called tails (PI. 30. fig. 31, upper figure), 

 sometimes to foreign bodies (PI. 30. fig. 31, 

 lower figure), which exhibits themadheiing 

 to a dead Vorticella). 



They undergo oblique spontaneous divi- 

 sion (PI. 50. fig. 1) ; this commences in 

 the internal substance, which is constricted 

 before the outer portion. 



They also propagate by a process of 

 swarming, which takes place thus : the in- 

 ternal substance first separates somewhat 

 from the transpai'ent wall, subsequently 

 becoming irregularly constricted at various 

 parts. The constrictions deepening, the con- 

 stricted portions separate from each other as 

 independent vesicles (?), and the internal 

 substance acquires the appearance of a black- 

 berry or bunch of grapes, consisting of a 

 fusiform aggreg'ation of uniform longisli oval 

 granules. Up to this period, the parent 

 organism continues its movements ; subse- 

 quently these cease. The granules have 

 now acquired independent vitality, and their 

 filaments become developed. The envelope 

 then brefiks near its middle, and the swarm 

 of young ones escape. In their somewhat 

 more developed stage they form Glenoino- 

 rum timjens, Ehr. See Protococcus. 



BiBL. Ehr. Infus. 113; Weise, Wieg- 

 manns Archiv, 1848, i. 65; Stein, Infus, 

 188. 



