CLADOPHYTUM. 



[ 180 ] 



OLATimOCYSTIS. 



The commonest marine species, whicli are 

 often found in large quantities on the sea- 

 shore, remarkable by their bi ight green tint, 

 are C. rupestris, L., Icetevirens, l)ilhv., al- 

 bida, Huds., Icmosa, Roth, arcta, Dilhv., and 

 glaucescens, Griff. ; but some of these, and of 

 the rarer, appear doubtful. The species re- 

 quire a careful study of fresh specimens in 

 all stages. Kiitzing {Sp. Alg.) has made an 

 inextricable mass of confusion of his species. 

 Eabenhorst admits 8 species, with nume- 

 rous varieties. 



BiBL. Hassall, Aly. 213, pi. 65-67 ; 

 Harvey, Mar. Alc/ce, 199, pi. 24 D ; 

 Tliuret, Rech. sur les Zoosp. Sfc, Ann. Sc. 

 Nat. 3 ser. vol. xiv. 10, pi. 16; Al. Braun, 

 Verjungung, c^-c. {Ray Soc. 1853) ; Mohl, 

 Vermischte Schrifteti, 362, pi. 13 ; Raben- 

 horst, Flm: Ah/.' iii. 333. 



CLADOPH'YTUM, Leidy. — Probably 

 the mycelium of a fungus. Found in the 

 intestine of a lulus. 



BiBL. See Aethromitus. 

 CLADOSPO'RIUM, Link.— A genus of 

 Dematiei (Hyphomycetous Fungi j, stated 

 by Tulasne to be conidiiferous forms of 

 Sphseriacei. CI. herharuni is one of the 

 commonest moulds ; it spreads over the 

 surface as a dense or loose web of con- 

 fluent tufts of microscopic filaments, straight 

 or ciu-ved, more or less varicose, simple or 

 branched ; from these arise chains of spores, 

 simple or with one or more septa, round, 

 oval, or longish according to age, and finally 

 becoming detached from one another. 



CI. herharum, Lk. Tufts effused, at first 

 green, then black ; spores olive ; very vari- 

 able in habit. Everywhere common on 

 decaying substances. Corda, Ic. Fung. iii. 

 pi. 1. fig. 24; Fresenius, JJei^r. zur Myk. 

 pi. 3. fig. 29 ; Dematmm articulatum, Sow- 

 erby, t. 400. fig. 8. 



Cl. dendriticum, Wallr. On leaves of 

 pear-trees and hawthorn. C, pi/roi-um, 

 Berk. Gardn. Chron. 1848, 398. 'Hchmn- 

 thospo)-ium 2>.'/''"'""''>^i Desmaz. No. 1051. 

 C. orhiculalwn, Desm. Ann. iSc. Nat, 3 ser. 

 275. 



Cl. depressum, Berk. & Br. On living 

 leaves of Angelica. Ann. If. II. 2 ser. 

 vii. 97, pi. 5. fig. 8. 



Cl. hrachormium, Berk. & Br. On leaves 

 of Fumitory. Ibid. 



Cl. ligincohnn, Covda. On dead wood. 

 Corda, Icon. Fang. i. pi. 3. fig. 206. 



Cl. nodulosmn, Corda. On stems of herbs. 

 Corda, lam. Vang. i. ])1. 4. fig. 212. 



Ectocarpaceae (Fucoid Algae), containing 

 two common British species, C. verticillatus 

 and C. spongiosus, which grow on rocks and 

 stones, and form olive tufts a few inches 

 high, composed of rigid irregularly branched 

 cellular axes, clothed by whorls of short, 

 mostly simple, articulated branches. Harvey 

 states that the summer branches contain 

 dark grains in their withered tips, and are 

 deciduous, being replaced in winter by 

 othei-s which bear numerous lateral stalked 

 spores. It is probable that these represent 

 respectively the trichosporangia and oospo- 

 rangia found in Ectocarpus, and that the 

 so-called 'spores' emit zoospores. See 



Alg. pi. 9 A ; 



Fig, 



ECTOCAEPUS. 



BiBL. Harvey, Br. Mar. 

 Phyc. Brit. pi. 33 and 138. 



CLADOT'RICHUM, Corda.— A genus of 

 Dematiei (Hyphomycetous Fungi), forming 

 dark flocculent points, or 

 confluent into powdery 

 strata, on dead stumps, kc. 

 The mycelium consists of 

 rigid, much-branched, sep- 

 tate filaments, the upper 

 j oiuts swollen ; the spores 

 in chains together at the 

 ends of branches, and bi-, 

 triseptate, constricted in 

 the middle. 



The species are pro- 

 bably states of Ascomyce- 

 tous Fungi. 



Cl. triseptatum, Berk, 

 and Broome. Spoi^es ob- 

 long, very obtuse, with 



Cladotrichum 



polysporuiu. 



Magn. 200 diam. 



CLADOS'TEiaiUS, Ag. 



-A genus 



of 



three septa, and constric- 

 ted opposite the middle 

 septum. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vii. p. 98, 

 pi. 5. fig. 7. On a dead stump. 



C. polysporum, Corda (fig. 128). Spores 

 biseptate. Corda, Icon. Fung. iv. pi. 6. fig. 

 83 ; Frachtflora Fur. Schinwulbild. {I'oly- 

 thrincium, Fries, Sunim. Vcg.) 



CLATIIROCYS'TIS, Henfrey.— A ge- 

 nus of Pabuellaceous Algae, founded on 

 Microct/stis (Pulycystis) ceruginosa of Kiitz- 

 ing. (PI. 5. fig. 9.) The plants occur in 

 autumn in myriads in freshwater ponds, 

 giving the water a rich grass-green tint ; 

 the colour when dry is that of verdigris. 

 Their appearance to the naked eye is that 

 of a mass of green granules suspended in a 

 colourless liquid. Under the microscope 

 each granule is found to be a gelatinous 

 body 1-50 to 1-15" in diameter, in which 

 ai'e imbedded an infinite number of green 



