CRIBRILINA. 



[ 214 ] 



CRONARTIUM. 



(capillitium) ^vliicli ai-e contained in the in- 

 terior, are coufluent witli the outer wall, 

 where they lorm a permanent spherical 

 cage or network (fig. 147), from the meshes 

 of which the spores escape. The tliree or 

 four species recorded as British, are C. 

 intermedia, Berk., 



intermediate be- 

 tween C. vulr/ai-is 

 and C. anrantiaca. 

 The peridium is 

 yellow with a white 

 stalk ; the spores 

 yellow. (Figured 

 as SpJi(rrocarpus 

 semitrichioides by 

 Sowerby, t. 400. 

 fig. 5.) To this 

 have recently been 

 added C. ariiiUa- 

 cea, aurantiaca, and 

 intricata. They are 

 very interesting 

 microscopic ob- 

 jects. 



BiBL. Hook. 

 Brit. Fl. V. pt. 2. 

 318; Fries, Syst. 

 Mycoloy. iii. 1(JS ; 

 Cor da, Icon. Fung, 

 V. pi. 3. tig. 35; 

 Cook, Handb. 400. 



CRIBRILFNA, 

 Gray. — A genus 

 of Cheilostomatous 



Fig. 146. 



Cribraria aurantiaca. 

 Natural size. 



Fis:. 147. 



Cribraria aurantiaca. 



PolyZOa(BryOZOa), Peridium burst, with the ca- 

 = LepraUce with piUitium exserted. 



the front cells OC- Maguified 25 diameters. 



cupied by transverse or radiating punctured 

 furrows. 5 species. On shells and Algee. 



BiBL. Hincks, Polyzoa, 184. 



CRICKET. See Acheta. 



CRIS'IA, Lamx. — A genus of CrisiidiB, 

 Cyclostomatous Polyzoa. 



Char. See CnisiiD^. Three species. 



C. cornuta. Cells curved, orifices turned 

 one way ; a long bristle above each cell. 



C. eburnea. Cells loosely aggregated, 

 curved, ends free. Common. 



C. denticidata. Cells loosely aggregated, 

 nearly straight, joints black. 



CRISIID/F.— A family of Cyclosto- 

 matous Polyzoa. 



Distinguished by the plant-like jointed 

 and branched calcareous polyzoary and the 

 tubular cells in one or two rows, with 

 round orifices mostly looking to opposite 

 sides. 



Cells and branches covered with dots 

 Pear-shaped vesicles are met with on the 

 polypidom, resembling those of the Sertu- 

 lariidaB. 



Crista. Cells in one or two rows, sub- 

 alternate ; orifices terminal and entire. 



BiBL. Johnston, Br. Zooph. 382 ; Hincks, 

 Poh/zoa, 418. 



CRISTATEL'LA, Cuv.— A genus of 

 Cristatellidse, Polyzoa (Bryozoa). 



Char. Polyzoary free, disk-shaped, poly- 

 pifcrous at the margin; tentacles numerous, 

 pectinate upon two arms. Freshwater. 



C. imicedo (PI. 41. fig. 9). Three, four, 

 or more polypes arise from the locomotive 

 polypidom. Pseud-ova (stato blasts) in the 

 young state enclosed in a ciliate membrane, 

 clisk -shaped, fm-uished with marginal spines 

 Avhieh are hooked at the end (fig. 10), and 

 opening with a lid. 



In clear lakes and ponds, creeping over 

 stones and the stems of aquatic plants ; and 

 occasionally in large numbers in the holes 

 made bv the feet of cattle aroimd ponds. 

 Length'l^", breadth J". 



BiBL. Cuvier, Beyne Animal, 1817, iv. 

 68; Turpin, Ann. d. Sc. Nat. 2 ser. vii. 65; 

 Gervais, ibid. vii. 77 ; Johnston, Br. Zooph. 

 387 ; Varley, Lond. Phys. Journ. iii. 37 ; 

 Allman, Poh/zoa {Bay Sac). 



CRISTELLA'RIA, Lamk.— Among the 

 hyaline Foraminifera grouped generically 

 as Xodosarina and varying in mode of 

 growth from straight and partially curved 

 to discoidal, the Cristellarics are the more 

 symmetrically lenticular and uautiloid, vary- 

 ing, however, in outline and in thickness. 

 The chambers, either triangular or falciform, 

 iire close-set and communicate at the outer 

 angle. The shell is neat, often delicate, 

 and ornamented on the margin with keel or 

 crest, and on the sides with raised unibones, 

 granulations, cross bars, and septal ridges. 



Cristellaria is common in the Lias and 

 all succeeding formations, very large in the 

 Tertiary deposits of Italy, and not uncom- 

 mon in existing seas. C. simplex (PI. 23. 

 fig. 34), feeble of growth, is present always 

 with other Cristellarics. C. cnlfrata (fig. 37) 

 is a A\'ell-grown and typical form. 



BiBL. D'Orbiguy, For. Foss. Vien. 62; 

 Morris, Brit. Foss. .33 ; Williamson, Bee. 

 For. 24 ; Parker and Jones, Ann. N. H. 

 2 ser. xix. 200; 3 ser. iii. 477; v. 114; Car- 

 penter, Foram. 1()2. 



CRONAR'TIUM, Fries.— A genus of 

 Urediiiei (Coniomycetous Fungi), present- 

 ing the most perfect form of structure in 



