ENTOPIIYSALIS. 



[ 290 ] 



ENTOZOA. 



ENTOPHY'SALIS, KLitz.— A genus of 

 Palniellacepe (Confervoid Alppe). 



Char. Frond globose, cartilaginous, con- 

 taining numerous more or less confluent 

 families of minute oblong cells. 



E. f/rannlosa. On mariue rocks. Dalmatia. 



BiBL. Kiitziiig, r/i;/c. Gen. 177, pi. 18; 

 Piabenhorst, A/g. iii. 43 (fig.). 



EN'TOPHYTES.— A general term ap- 

 plied to parasitic plants (chiefly Fungi), 

 growing in the interior of animal or vege- 

 table structures. See Pabasites, vkge- 



TABLE. 



ENTOP'YLA, Ehr.— A genus of Diato- 

 macete. 



Char. Frustules prismatic, compressed, 

 compound, arcuate ; the two end valves 

 transversely striated, not alike, one of 

 them being convex outwards, the other 

 concave, and with a large pore (?) at each end. 



E. australis. Valves linear, rounded at 

 each end, with more than forty transverse 

 costse, traversed by a longitudinal flexuous 

 line ; inner plates in the adult state sixteen, 

 in the young state only three ; marine, and 

 found in guano ; length l-240"_, in the young 

 state 1-720" and with only six costfe be- 

 tween the pores. 



BiBL. Ehr. JScrl. Ber. 1848, G ; Ann. N. 

 Hid. 1848, i. 393. 



ENTOSI'PHON, Stein, = Anisoncma, Duj., 

 pt. 



ENTOSOLE'NIA, Ehrenb.— A Laf/em 

 is said to be Eutosolenian if it has its 

 neck, or stolon-tube, growing inw^ards (in- 

 "troverted). This was once thought to be 

 a generic character ; but it occurs in Poh/- 

 morpMna, and is not even of specific value. 



Entosolenia (Lat/eiut) ylohosa, PI. 23. 

 fig. 23, a, h, is a very common form^ recent 

 and fossil. 



BiBL. Carpenter, Introd. Foram. 1.57. 



Fig. 107. 



Entosthodon Templetoni. 

 Fragment of the peristome. Magnifled 100 diameters. 

 ]':NTC)S'TII()1)()N, Schwagr.— a genus 

 of Fuuariacea) (Acrocarpous Mosses), inclu- 



ding some of the Gymnostoma and Weissice 

 of authors. 



BiBL. Wilson, Bryol. Brit,. 272 ; Berke- 

 ley, Ilandh. 175. 



"EN'TOTHIIIX, Kiitz.— A genus of Os- 

 cillatoriacese (Confervoid AlgiB). 



Char. Frond tubular, composed of nu- 

 merous very slender filaments, densely 

 twisted into a cord, and enclosed in a la- 

 mellar sheath. 



E. funicidnris. Filaments continuous, 

 brownish, flexuous. In long-kept water. 



BiBL. Kiitzing, Phyc. Gen. 224, pi. 6. 

 fig. 8 ; Ptabenhorst, Fl. Akj. ii. 160 (fig.). 



ENTOZO'xV.— A class of Vermes ; con- 

 taining the intestinal worms, &c. 



The Entozoa are animals mostly residing 

 parasitically, during either the whole or a 

 part of their lives, in the cavities or in the 

 substance of the organs of other animals ; 

 they are very generally met witli through- 

 out the Animal Kingdom ; and they derive 

 their nourishment from the liquids of those 

 animals of which they constitute the para- 

 sites. Their form is mostly elongate, and 

 the body more or less distinctly jointed. 



The integument consists of a delicate ho- 

 mogeneous epidermis, often thrown into 

 transverse folds ; sometimes also into longi- 

 tudinal folds, giving the body a winged 

 appearance. In some species it is furnished 

 with papillre, spines, or horny reflexed 

 prickles, either scattered over the greater 

 part of the surface or confined to the ante- 

 rior extremity' of the body, in the latter 

 case serving as organs of adhesion. Beneath 

 the epidermis is the cutis, intimately fu.^ed 

 with or almost entirely consisting of layers 

 of transverse, longitudinal, and oblique flat- 

 tened fusiform muscular fibres, resembling 

 the organic or unstriped muscular fibres of 

 the Vertebrata.  



Beneath or in the substance of the skin, 

 in the Cestoid Entozoa, are numerous mi- 

 nute oval or rounded bodies, containing 

 carbonate and phosphate of lime; these are 

 regarded as forming the rudiments of a 

 cutaneous skeleton, and they possess a con- 

 centric laminated structure. 



The form and structure of the head and 

 its apppcndages, in the shape of hooks, suck- 

 ersj etc., are described with the genera and 

 species, as their form and arrangement are 

 used as generic characters. 



The nervous system of the Entozoa is not 

 well known. In the cystic or larval forms, 

 none has- been detected. In the Cestoids 

 and Acanthocephala, it consists of a single 



