EUCRATEA. 



[ 305 ] 



EUGLENA. 



BiBL. Elu-enb. Infus, 461 ; Gosse, Ann. 

 N. 11. 1851, viii. 200. 



EUCRAT'EA, Lanix. {Scruparia).—K 

 genus of Cheilostomatous lufundibulate 

 Polyzoa, of the family Eucratiidaj. 



i'. chelata ( V\. 86. tiir. 24), the only species. 

 Parasitic upon Fuci, crabs, and stones. 

 (Hiucks, Fo/i/zoa, 11.) 



EUCRA'tllD.E (Sciupariada?). — A 

 family of Ckeilostomatous Infuudibidate 

 Polyzoa. 



Distinguished by the unjointed polyzoary 

 and the uniserial cells. Polyzoary usually 

 loosely adnate. Five genera : 



Eucratea (Scruparia). Erect, branched, 

 branches arising from the horn-shaped cells 

 above or below the oblique oritice. 



Ilijypothoa. Creephig, adherent, irregu- 

 larly branched or netted, branches arising 

 fi-om the sides of the cells. 



Salpimjia (PI. 36. fig. 25). Erect, 

 branched ; cells elongated, with trumpet- 

 shaped processes at the base, oritice oblique, 

 lateral. 



Anguinaria {JEted). Cells tubular, scat- 

 tered, arising from a creeping, adherent 

 thread. 



Beania. Cells erect, scattered, with a 

 double spinous keel on one side, and arising 

 from a creeping, adherent, branched thread. 



BiBL. Johnston, Br. Zooph. 288 ; Busk, 

 Mar. Polyz. 28 ; Gosse, Mar. Zool. ii. 

 12 ; Hincks, Polyzoa, 11. 



EUCYTHE'RE, Brady {Cijtheropsis, 

 Sars). — A genus of marine Entomostraca, 

 fam. Cytheridse. 



2 species. 



BiBL. Brady, Linn. Trans. 1868, p. 429. 



EUDEN'DRnD.E (Tubulariidas, pt., 

 Johust.). — A family of Hydroid Polypi. 

 Characterized by the branched stem, and 

 the terminal naked polypes, with a single 

 whorl of tentacles suiTounding the base of 

 a trumpet-shaped pruboscis. 



1 genus : Eudendritwi. 



EUDEN'DRIUM, Ehr.— A genus of Hy- 

 droid Polypi, fam. Eudeudriidas (Tubula- 

 riidie, Johnst.). 



Char. Those of the family. 



7 British species. 



E. ramosum {Ttibularia rain., Johnst.) is 

 common on oyster-shells, &c. 



BiBL. Hincks, Brit. Zoojjh. 79; Johnstone, 

 Brit. Zooph. 46. 



EUDORI'NA. See Pandobina. 



EUGLE'NA,_ Ehr.— A genus of Infu- 

 soria, of the family AstasiiBa. 



Char. Free ; a red eye-speck, a tail-like 



process, and a single fiagelliform filament; 

 freshwater. 



Many species, or rather forms, are distin- 

 gidshed by Ehrenberg and Dujardin. They 

 are often present in vast numbers in pools, 

 &c., rendering them green or red, and form- 

 ing a brilliant pellicle upon the surface. 



In the free condition the Euylence swim 

 about in the water, not apparently by the 

 help of the fiagelliform filament, which 

 seems to be often deficient, but by the con- 

 tractile action of the whole Taody, the changes 

 of form and movements of which may be 

 roughly compared to those of a leech when 

 crawling sluggishly over the surface of a 

 glass. The Etigleiice present many points of 

 resemblance to the lower Alga;, especially 

 Protococcus, like them varying in colour 

 from green to red, and, moreover, passing 

 through a resting stage, encysted in a kind 

 of cell-membrane, which is sometimes gela- 

 tinous, transparent, and spherical, some- 

 times rather horny, and polj^gonal in form. 

 The encysted forms occm' commonly aggre- 

 gated together into indefinite frond-like 

 masses ; and the individuals multiply by 

 division into two, four, &c., in this quiescent 

 stage. The frond-like groups may be found 

 in autumn, and even imder the ice in winter, 

 while the active forms abound most in sprint, 

 in fine weather. Carter has published some 

 elaborate observations on the organization 

 of these and allied forms, which we have 

 notspaceto enter upon here. (See Astaslea.) 

 We can only notice two or three of the forms. 

 E. viridis (PI. 31. fig. 2 a, b). Fusiform 

 when extended ; head narrowed, short ; tail 

 conical, short (not cleft) ; green, hyaline at 

 the ends; length 1-1150 to 1-240". 



E. pyrum (PI. 31. fig. 1). Body, when 

 extended, oval, turgid, pyriform, obliquely 

 fm-rowed, green ; tail nearly as long as the 

 body, acute; length l-lloO to 1-860". 



E. lonyicauda, Phacus lonyic. D. (PI, 31. 

 figs. 3 & 63). Depressed, elliptical or oval, 

 frequently twisted on its long axis, green, 

 with longitudinal striae ; tail as long as the 

 bodv, hyaline, subulate ; length 1-280 to 

 1-120". 



E.act(s{V\. 31. fig. 4). Fusiform, slender, 

 subulate, straight, green in the middle ; 

 head attenuate, somewhat truncate, hya- 

 line ; tail very acute, "hyaline : length 1-570 

 to 1-216". 



BiBL. Ehrenb. Infus. 104 ; Dujardin, 

 Infus. 358 ; Morren, JRuhef. d. Eaux. Brux. 

 18*41 ; Carter, Ann. N. Hist. 1856, xviii. 

 115, and 1857, xx. 21 ; Kent, Inf. 379. 



