FOEAMTNIFERA. 



[ 332 ] 



FORAMINIFERA, 



Miliolidfe are so abundant, that tliis city 

 may be said to be built of them. 



The Nummulites or coin-stones which 

 form mountains in the Mediterranean and 

 North-Indian regions, and of which the 

 pyramids of Egypt are principally composed, 

 are Foraminifera (PI. 24. figs. 21, 22). 



Many clays, such as those of the Lias, the 

 Oolitic and Cretaceous series, and London 

 Tertiaries, those of Prussia, Belgium, Ma- 

 laga, San Domingo, &c., and many shelly 

 sands of Tertiaiy age in Suffolk, Italy, Ger- 

 many, France, New Zealand, Australia, and 

 elsewhere, also yield Foraminifera by careful 

 washing. 



See the articles Chalk and Rhizopoda. 



Synojitical List of the Genera and Suhgenera 

 of Foraminifera. 



(The subgenera are placed in parentheses.) 



Division A. IMPERFORATA. 



Subdivision 1. CIIITINAOEA. 



Group I. Test chitinous, imperforate. 



Fam. 1. Gromidae. 



Groniia, Dujardin ; LieberkzieJmia, Cla- 

 parede ; Shepheardella, SiddaU. 



Subdivision 2. CALCAREA (Porcel- 

 lanea). 



Group II. Test calcareous, imperforate, 

 porcellaneous, and sometimes sandy ; 

 occasionally chitinous and sandy. 



Fam. 2. Miliolidae. 



a. MiLiOLixA. — Bath y siphon, G. O. Sars ; 

 Sqwimidina, Schultze; Nuhecularia, De- 

 france ; Miliola, Lamarck, Plate 23. fig. 1 

 ( = Miliolina, Williamson); (Uniluci/lina, 

 d'Orb., PI. 23. fig. 2; Bilocnlina, d'Orb., 

 PL 23. fig. 3 ; Spirolocuilna, d'Orb., PI. 23. 

 fig. 7 ; Trihcidina, d'Orb., PI. 23. fig. 4 ; 

 Quinqitelocidina, d'Orh., PI. 23. figs. 5, 6; 

 Crnciloculina, d'Orb. ) ; Cornuspira, Schultze, 

 PI. 23. fig. 13 {Ojjldhalmidium, Kiibler) ; 

 Ninnniuloculina, Steinmann ; Hauerina, 

 dOrb., PL 23. "a^.?)', Vertehralina, d'Orb., 

 PL 23. fig. 9 (Articulina, d'Orb., PL 23. tig. 

 9); Fahularia, Defr. 



b. Orbitolitina. — Peneropjis, de Mont- 

 fort, PL 23. fig. 11. (Bendrifina, d'Orb. ; 

 8pirolina, Lamarck, PL 23. fig. 12.) Orln'cu- 

 lina, Lam., PL 23. fig. 19 ; OrhitoUtes, 

 Lam., PL 23. fig. 17 ; Alveolina, d'Orb., PL 

 23. figs, ir,, TO. 



c. ? Dactyloporina. — Ovulitcs, Lam. ; 

 Ilaploporella, Gihnhel ( = Dacfi/!ina, Zbor. ?), 

 PL 23. fig. 53; Dactylopurella, Giimb. 

 {=DactyInpora, Lamarck, in parte), PL 23. 

 fig. 54 ; ThyrsoporcUa,Gum\).\ Gyroporella, 

 Giimb. ; CylindreUa, Giimb. ; Uteria, 

 Michelin ; Acicularia, d'Ai'chiac. 



Subdivision 3. ARENACEA. 

 Group III. Test calcareous and arenaceous. 



Fam. 3. Astrorhizidse. 



Psammosphcera, Schultze ; Swosphcm'a, 

 Brady; Saccammina, M. Sars; Pilulina, 

 Carpenter ; Storthosphcera, Schidze ; I'ech- 

 nitella, Norman ; Pelosina, Brady ; Asche- 

 monella, Br. ; Astrorhiza, Sandahl ; Dendro- 

 phrya, Str. Wright ; Rhabdammina, M. 

 Sars ; JacideUa, Br. ; Hyperammina, Br. ; 

 Psanimatodcndron, Norman (MS.); Saye- 

 nella, Br. ; Botellina, Carpenter ; Marsi- 

 pella, Norman ; JLdiphysema, Bowerbank ; 

 Polyphrayma, Reuss. 



Fam. 4. Lituolidse. 



("These comprise sandy isomorphs of the 

 simpler types of the Ilyalina, such as La- 

 gena, Nodosaria, Glubigerina, Botalia, iVb- 

 nionina, &c.) 



Litnola, Lam., PL 23. fig. 23 {Peophax, 

 de Montfort; Haplophraymium, Reuss; Ha- 

 phistiche, Rss. ; Placopxiliua, d'Orb. ; Bdcl- 

 loidina, Carter) ; ' Trochammina, Parker & 

 Jones, PL 23. fig. \4:(Hormosina,V>i-AA\ ; Am- 

 modiscus, Rss. ; Webbina, d'Orb., PL 23. fig. 

 21) ; Nodosinella, Br. ; Inwlutina, Ter- 

 quem ; Endothyra, Phillips ; Stacheia, Br. ; 

 Thurammina, Br.; Hippocrepina , Parker; 

 Cyclammina, Br. 



Fam. 5. Parkeridse. 



Parheria, Carpenter ; Loftusia, Brady. 



Division B. PERFORATA (Vitrea vel 

 Hyalina), 



Group IV. Tests of many of the larger 

 forms arenaceous, with more or less 

 of a calcareous perforate basis ; smaUer 

 forms hyahne and perforate. 



Fam. 6. Textularidae. 



a. Textularina. — Te.rtnlaria, Defrance, 

 PL 23, figs. 47, 52 (Vulvulina, d'Orb., PL 

 23. fig. 49; Biyenerina, d'Orb., PL 23. 

 fig. 50; yenilina, Gumbel; Pavonina 



