H^MALASTOR. 



[ 3G9 ] 



ILEMATOPINUS. 



II. 



H.EMALAS'TOPt, Kocli.— A genus of 

 Ixodea (Acariiia) ; -with the body of male 

 entirely covered by a shield, yellow or red; 

 no emargrination in front ; eyes clear and 

 conioal. Two species ; on bats &c., Brazil 

 and Hun^arv. ( Murray, Ec. Ent. 198, figs.) 

 H.EMAPHY'SALIS, Kocli.— A genus 

 of Ixodea (A carina) ; with the palpi very 

 small, almost broader than long, three- 

 cornered, the posterior margin of the second 

 joint expanded outwards. 



H. rosea. West Indies (Murray, Ec. Ent. 

 200, fig.). 



H^E'M ATINE.— The red colouring-mat- 

 ter of the blood, in tlie globules of which it 

 exists combined with globuline. It pos- 

 sesses no morphological characters. 

 BiBL. See Chejiistby. 

 H.EMATOCOC'CUS. See Pkotococ- 

 cus and Glceocapsa. 



H.EMATOTDINE.— This substance, to 

 which Mrchow first drew attention, is not 

 uuf requeutly met with in masses of extrava- 

 sated blood which have remained for some 

 time in the living bodies of the Vertebrata, 

 as in old apoplectic clots, sanguineous ex- 

 travasations resulting from contusions and 

 wounds, the eft'usions accompanying the 

 rupture of the Graafian vesicles, &c. 



It occui's in the form of granules, globvdes, 

 and distinct crystals. These are somewhat 

 highly refractive, and mostly of a ruby-red 

 or yellowish-i'ed colour; they are stated also 

 to have been found colourless. The most 

 common forms are represented in PI. 13. 

 fig. 16, and they appear to belong to two 

 distinct systems — the oblique rhombic pris- 

 matic, and the regular system. 



The properties of haematoidine are as 

 inconstant as the crystalline form ; and it is 

 probable that several diflferent substances 

 have been ranged under the above title, or 

 perhaps modifications of the same substance 

 in different states of hydration ; for so insu- 

 perable has Iseen the difficulty of obtain- 

 ing haematoidine in quantity and a state of 

 purity, that its true natm-e has not been 

 satisfactorily determined. By some it is 

 considered as bilirubine, or a modification 

 of it. 



It is mostly insoluble or difficultly soluble 

 in water, alcohol, ether, acetic and dilute 

 mineral acids, and solution of potash. Some- 

 times it is soluble in acetic acid, with a 

 yellow colour, at others readily so in water. 

 It contains no iron. 



An amorphous colourless proteine sub- 

 stance is som.^times separated from the crys- 

 tals by the action of mineral acids. 



Hfematoidine maybe artificiaUy procured 

 from various sources, perhaps most readily 

 from the blood of fishes by spontaneous 

 evaporation. The blood of the spleen of the 

 horse changes almost entii'ely into prismatic 

 crystals of it in dr\nng. In obtaining the 

 crystals the presence of the serum is prej u- 

 dicial, and it should be washed away with 

 a small quantity of water. If recently dried 

 blood be treated with a vegetable acid 

 (acetic, oxalic acid, &c.), and a drop of the 

 solution be placed upon a slide, covered with 

 thin glass, and kept at a temperature of 80° 

 to 100° F.,the crystals may also be obtained. 

 This reaction might be of use in judicial 

 investigations. The addition of water and 

 a little alcohol or ether to the blood, 

 sometimes favours the separation of the 

 crystals. 



Crystals of hfematoidine (?) have been 

 found within the blood-globules prior to 

 the addition of reagents. 



Their preservation is difficult ; it is best 

 effected by washing them with alcohol, or 

 this liquid somewhat diluted with water, 

 and drying them under the air-pump, or 

 over sulphuric acid. 



BiBL. S'irchow, Ann. Clicm. u. Pharm. 

 18-51 (Chem. Gaz. 18-32) ; Funke, Zeitsch. 

 f. rat. Med. 1851, i. 172, 18.52, ii. 109 & 

 288 ; Kuude, ibid. 1852, ii. 271 ; Lehmann, 

 G/Hclin^s ITatidb. viii. ; Sanderson, Edinb. 

 Mn. Jn. xiii.216, 521 ; Kolliker, Mik. An.; 

 Teichmann, Zeits. f. rat. Med. 1853, iii. 

 375 ; Frey, Histol. 1876 ; Preyer, Blut- 

 Kn/stalle ; Hoppe-Seyler, Anal. Chini. 

 1877, 242. 



H^EMATOPTNUS, Leach.— A genus of 

 Insects, of the order Anoplura, and family 

 Pediculidee. 



Char. Legs all formed for climbing ; tho- 

 rax generally narrower than the abdomen, 

 and distinctly separated from it ; abdomen 

 composed of eight or nine segments. 



This genus contains several species (28 

 Megn.), which live as parasites upon various 

 animals — the field-mouse, rat, dog, ox, 

 horse, ass, calf, hog, rabbit, hare, squirrel, 

 &c. 



H. Sills (PI. 35. fig. 4 ; fig. 4*, anterior 

 leg). Dusky ferruginous ; abdomen grey or 

 ashy-yellow, flat and membranaceous, with 

 a black horny excrescence surrounding each 

 of the v/hite spiracles ; legs long and thick ; 

 femur transversely striped ; tibiae very ab- 



2b 



