VORTICELLINA. 



[ 815 ] 



WATER 



V. nchdifera (PI. 32. fig. 21). Body 

 conico-campauulate, colom-less ; anterior 

 margin dilated ; body witliout rings when 

 contracted. Length of bodv -nithout the 

 stalk 1-570 to 1-288". 



V. microstoma (PI. 32. fig. 2G, body 

 with genimoe). Body ovate, narrowed at 

 the ends, greenish white ; anterior margin 

 not dilated, nor bodv ringed when con- 

 tracted. Length of body 1-2000 to 1-250". 



V. convaUaria, Body ovato-couical, 

 whitish hyaline, annidate; expanded ante- 



rior margin slightly prominent. Length of 

 body 1-4.30 to 1-240". 



Many other species. 



Dujardin unites the genera Carcliesmm 

 and Zootlunnnium to his genus Vurtkella. 



BiBL. Ehr. Inf. 269; Duj. Inf. 546; 

 Lachmauu, Ann. N. II. 1857, xix. ; Clap, 

 ot Lach. Inf. ; Greef, Ann. N. H. 1872, 105, 

 106, 384, 462 ; AUman, Mn. Mic. Jn. xiv. 

 178 ; Kent, Inf. 667. 



VOllTICELLI'NA.— A family of Infu- 

 soria. 



Table of Genera. 



I A. peduncle. 



/ Peduncle 

 contrac- 

 tile. 



branched 



-«1 



HH 

 Hi 



W 



o 



I— I 



o 

 > 



'Without a pos- 

 terior crown 

 of cilia during" 

 the greater 

 part oilifc. 



/ Naked. ■{ 



iTSot branched 



^ /Each branch having 



branched. ]^«P«3tg\--l° 



( muscle . 



Peduncle not contractile 



Posterior part of] 

 body attached 

 by a disk. J 



No disk 



f No true sheath, the peduncle lost in a gelatinous mass 



^ [ ^i'l'lc^^f fl!^ I Sheath fixed bv its base 



I- A sheath. < gheath f Sheath fixed by its side. . 



I Animal susi^ended freely in the sheath 



With a i^osterior ciliary crown during the whole of life; body free 



No pedun-l 

 cle. 1 



I A helical funnel in front 

 I No funnel 



Sheathed. 



Q-ENUS. 



VorliceUa. 



Carchesium. 



Zoothani Ilium. 

 Epislijlis. 



Spirochona . 

 Scyphidia. 



Gerda. 

 Ophri/diu»i. 



Cothurnia. 

 Vaqinicola. 



ZagenopJiri/s. 

 Trichodina. 



BiBL. Clap. & Lach. Inf. 93; Allman, 

 Qu. Mic. Jn. 1872, 393. 



YORTICLA'VA, Alder.— A genus of 

 Hydi'oid Zoophytes. 



Char. Polypes on simple stems, developed 

 at interAals on a creeping filiform stolon ; 

 tentacles in two dissimilar whorls, the oral 

 short and capitate, the outer longer and 

 filiform ; reproduction imknown. 



Two species, on stones and corallines. 



BiBL. Hincks, Hych: Zoopli. 131; Wright, 

 Qu. Mic. Jn. iii. n. s. 50. 

 \TJLVULI'NA,D'Orb.— SeeTEXTULAEiA. 



W. 



WART. — The common hard wart con- 

 sists of a circular group of elongated papillie 

 with their free extremities slightly enlarged 

 and bulbous, their vessels dilated and ex- 

 tending close up to the epithelial covering. 

 This presents its normal threefold division, 

 inasmuch as a thick layer of transition-cells 

 fills up all the interstices between the en- 

 larged papillaj, while the horny lamina in- 

 vests the group of papilla3 with a common 

 covering. (Rindfleisch, Path. Hist.) 



WASP. See Vespa. 



WATER.— Under this head we might 

 form a kind of index referring to a large 

 proportion of the articles of which this 



volume is composed, since water, existing 

 under different cu-cumstauces, forms one 

 of the most fertile sources of microscopic 

 objects ; but as om* space and plan do not 

 admit of such an enumeration, we must be 

 content to dwell shortly upon two of the 

 most important questions in which the mi- 

 croscope is applied to the examination of 

 the contents of water. 



Ordinary examination of ivater. — Here it 

 appears merely necessary to point out that 

 the mode of examining the contents of sam- 

 ples of water, for the pui-pose of ascertaining 

 the extent to which organic beings are con- 

 tained in them, should be very diiFerent 

 from that pursued by the microscopist who 

 is engaged in collecting specimens. We 

 make this remark in consequence of the 

 gross misrepresentations which have been 

 made respecting the " animalcules " in 

 water, carried- to theu'most absurd extreme 

 in the so-called " drop " of water shown by 

 oxyhydrogen microscopes, where we often 

 see the field covered with larvas of dragon- 

 flies, of beetles, of gnats, &c., Entomos- 

 traca, and worms of diflerent kinds, not 

 only preceptible without a microscope, but, 

 in the case of the larva), perhaps really more 

 than an inch long. Less violent exagge- 

 rations occur when water which appears 

 cloudy is selected, allowed to stand for some 



