MOSSES. 



[ 515 ] 



MOSSES. 



Fig. 486. 



Fig. 487. 



Orthotrichum phyllanthum. 



Leaves with gemmae at the tips. 



Magnified 25 diameters. 



independence of the individual celh forming 

 the organs of these plants, where, under 

 peculiar circumstances, a single cell of the 

 tissue may be developed so as to lay the 

 foimdation of a new plant. 



In the following arrangement of the 

 Mosses we follow Miiller. The order Mus- 



cacefe is fii-st divided into two suborders 

 according to the habit of growth : 



ACROCARPI. Mosses with the fruit- 

 stalk terminating the stem, or short special 

 branches (Cladocarpi). 



PLEUROCARPI. Mosses with the fruit- 

 stalk produced only from lateral buds. 



Si/nojJsis of the Families. 

 ACROCARPI. 



* Schistocarpi. Cajjsule loithout a lid 

 (opei-culmn), opening by longitudinal 

 jfissures. 



ANDHjEACEiE. Capsule splitting into 

 four valves. 



** Cleistocarpi. Caps^ile without a lid, 

 hurstiiig open irregularly. 



Bruchiace^. Cells of the leaf (areola- 

 tion) parenchymatous, looser at the base, 

 not papiDose, dense. 



Phascace^. Areolation of the leaf 

 parenchymatous, dense, filled with chloro- 

 phyll, more or less papillose. 



Epheiieee^. Areolation of the leaf 

 parenchymatous, everywhere lax, not papil- 

 lose. 



Fig. 488. 



Fig. 490. 



Fis:. 491. 



Hedwigia ciliata. 



Creeping filaments with tuber-like gemmae. 



Fig. 488, magnified 50 diameters. 



Fig. 489, magnified 20 diameters. 



Fig. 490. Orthotrichum Lyellii. Leaves with mar- 

 ginal gemmse. Magn. .50 diams. 



Fig. 491. Aulacomnium undulatum. Gemmae in. tl e 

 place of the capsule. Magn. 20 diams. 



2l2 



