these types and sources of pollution. 

 For example, as far as toxins are 

 concerned, several chlorinated hydro- 

 carbon pesticides^have been restrict- 

 ed in use by EPA. EPA is in the pro- 

 cess of developing effluent limita- 

 tions for industrial discharges of 

 toxins under Section 304 and 307 of 

 the Clean Water Act, 33 U.S.C. SS 

 1314 and 1317 spurred on by legis- 

 lation, and EPA has, belatedly, 

 proposed and promulgated regulations 

 designed to implement Subtitle C 

 entitled "Hazardous Waste Management" 

 of RCRA. If and when all of these 

 programs are in place, control of 

 industrial and municipal sources of 

 toxic pollutants should be greatly 

 enhanced. In addition, through lit- 

 igation, e.g., NPvDC v^ Callaway , 392 

 F. Supp. 685 (D.D.C. 1975); followed 

 by Administrative action, including 



See EDF v^ EPA, 489 F. 2d 1247 

 (D.C. Cir. 1973); W.A. Butler, "Fed- 

 eral Pesticide Law," Federal Envir - 

 onmental Law , Environmental Law, 

 Environmental Law Institute, 1974, 

 p. 1232. 



Natural Resources Defense Coun- 



cil v^ Train , 519 F. 2d 287 (D.C. 

 Cir. 1975); Environmental Defense 

 Fund , v^ Train , Civ. No. 75-0172 

 (D.D.C.) (settlement agreement, 

 June 7, 1976); Natural Resources 

 Defense Council v. Agee , Civ. No. 

 75-1267 (D.C.C.) (settlement agree- 

 ment June 7, 1976). 



See, e.g., EPA Hazardous Waste 

 and Consolidated Permit Regulations, 

 45 Fed. Reg. 33063-33588 (Monday, 

 May 19, 1980); EPA, Proposed Ground 

 Water Protection Strategy , Office 

 of Drinking Water, (November 1980); 

 Tripp and Jaffe, "Preventing Ground- 

 water Pollution: Towards a Coordi- 

 nated Strategy to Protect Critical 

 Recharge Zones," 3 Harv. Env. L. 

 Rev. (1979). 



promulgation of regulations under 

 Section 404 by the Corps of Engi- 

 neers, 33 CFR Part 320-329 (now 

 under revision), and more recently, 

 Avoyelles Sportsmen' s League , Inc. , 

 et al., v^ Alexander , et al., 473 

 F. Supp. 525 (W.D. La. 1979), tena- 

 tive efforts are now underway to con- 

 trol conversion of riverine wetland 

 forests to agricultural or other uses 

 which destroy natural riverine over- 

 flow vegetation and hydrologic 

 cycles. However, these efforts are 

 at best limited in geographic scope, 

 primarily to western Louisiana, such 

 that clearing and dredging of river- 

 ine bottomland hardwood wetland 

 forests continue; scientists are 

 only beginning to understand the 

 impact of agricultural pesticides on 

 downstream riverine and estuarine 

 systems; far too little is known 

 about the impacts of changes of riv- 

 erine hydrology and sedimentation 

 patterns on estuaries; and Federal 

 water resource development projects, 

 now spurred on by coal export and 

 energy development prospects, pro- 

 ceed apace. On the whole, litiga- 

 tion to halt such projects, primari- 

 ly under NEPA, has met with only 

 limited and, typically, only tem- 

 porary success. 



o 

 For a discussion of legal han- 

 dles to protect riverine overflow 

 forests, see P. A. Parenteau and 

 J.T.B. Tripp, "Federal Regulations: 

 Handles, Effectiveness and Remedies, 

 "Transactions of the Forty-fifth 

 North American Wildlife and Natural 

 Resources Conference (1980), pp. 

 392-401. 



9 

 For detailed discussion about 



the magnitude, scope and impact of 

 agriculturally-related toxic pollu- 

 tants, see C.J. Schmitt and P.V. 

 Winger "Factors Controlling the Fate 

 of Pesticides in Rural Watersheds 

 of the Lower Mississippi: River 

 Alluvial (1980), p. 354-375. 



74 



