environmental mitigation 

 construction grant funded under 

 the Coastal Energy Impact Pro- 

 gram of the U.S. Office of 

 Coastal Zone Management." 



We have many other examples of 

 requests and the use of funds which 

 specially deal with freshwater in- 

 flows, saltwater intrusions and the 

 vitality of estuarine resources 

 such as a $60,000 grant to Louis- 

 iana to study saltwater intrusion 

 in Tangipahoa Parish and $1,000,000 

 to Louisiana coastal parishes to 

 construct and rehabilitate oyster 

 reefs on natural seed grounds and 

 to relay oysters from polluted to 

 approved areas in Calcasieu Lake. 

 These are projects which probably 

 would never would have been funded 

 otherwise. The costs in most 

 cases are much to great for local 

 governments to bear and in many 

 cases state governments . 



SECTION 309. Section 309 pro- 

 vides for interstate grants and 

 even though it has never been fund- 

 ed, it contains a provision of law 

 which one day may be found useful 

 in dealing with freshwater inflows. 

 This section allows two or more 

 coastal states to negotiate, and 

 to enter into, agreements or com- 

 pacts which the states deem to be 

 desirable and which are binding 

 and obligatory upon any state or 

 party without further approval by 

 Congress . 



SECTION 310. Research and 

 technical assistance is one part of 

 the CZMA which we badly want to see 

 funded. Based upon needs identi- 

 fied by the states and other prior- 

 ity items identified by OCZM, this 

 could be one additional resource in 

 helping get at estuarine problems. 



SECTION 315. Estuarine sanc- 

 tuaries in some cases have been 



helpful in getting to the problem 

 of freshwater inflow, the most not- 

 able is the Apalachicola Estuarine 

 Sanctuary in Florida. During its 

 establishment as a sanctuary, it 

 was recognized that water inflow 

 to the Apalachicola River and Bay 

 was largely dependent upon the 

 Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers in 

 Alabama and Georgia. It was an im- 

 portant tool in focusing the con- 

 cern of the upstream users with 

 the downstream management goals. 

 Consequently, there were success- 

 ful negotiations between the three 

 states and they have jointly pro- 

 posed to the Water Resources Coun- 

 cil to undertake a Level B Study 

 which will lead to further under- 

 standing of the drainage from these 

 three rivers and the competing de- 

 mands for this winter. 



The purpose of the sanctuaries 

 is to establish outdoor laborato- 

 ries and to conduct research and edu- 

 cational programs. This is one area 

 where we would like to see more 

 coordinated research taking place 

 in order to make more enlightened 

 management decisions affecting estu- 

 aries . 



PROBLEMS 



While coastal zone management 

 has many significant tools which 

 are being used and will be used in 

 the future to address problems re- 

 lating to freshwater inflows to 

 estuaries, it obviously can not cure 

 them all. 



BOUNDARIES. In order to ad- 

 dress inflow problems, one must 

 generally view the entire water- 

 shed or wherever major obstructions 

 begin. In some states, this water- 

 shed transcends the coastal zone 

 boundary which they have delineat- 

 ed. The states must draw a line 



100 



