56 BUDS. 
may occur in other parts, as in the parts of the flower, which 
are also modified leaves. 
181. If a young tree be inverted, the branches being plac- 
ed in the earth, it will live : roots will come from the buried 
branches, and leaves and flowers from the roots. In this 
case the branches are not changed into roots, nor the roots 
into branches ; but the undeveloped buds or germs in th 
roots become branches, &e. when exposed to the atmosphere; 
while those of the branches become radicles or rootlets, wh 
developed in the earth. 
182. The bud has sometimes been compared to the « 
bryo of the seed, and termed a fired embryo, as it can orig 
nate a new plant. It always, however, reproduces the 
individual, while the embryo of the seed only yields the 
species. : 
183. M. Richard enumerates five distinct kinds of buds 
the Proper or Common Bud, the Turio, the Bulb, the 
bercle, and the Bulbil. 
184. The Proper buds are those commonly calla 
found upon the branches of trees, arbuscles, or shrubs, 
axilla of the leaf, or at the extremity of the twig. They 
composed of scales enveloping each other, and frequently, 
trees of our climate, covered with a viscid resinous si sub 
and having a downy texture within, for the purpose of | 
tecting them from cold. These scales consist of leaves simi- 
lar to those to be afterwards developed, but checked and 
most blasted by being put forth before there is a i 
degree of warmth in the atmosphere. They shrink, hard 
and form an excellent protection, till the sedson is more 
_ vourable, for the more internal leaves, which, if 
_ while too young and tender, would undergo the s: 
__ In trees growing in warm climates, these external ! 
in the Horse-chestnut (Z2seulus) in india 
its buds are enveloped by a great i 
ee 
