58 LEAVES, 
subterraneous stem, the eyes on its surface being analogous 
to the buds on the stem. a 
191. Bulbils are small buds growing on different parts 0 
the plant, and capable of independent vegetation, so that 
when detached from the parent, they grow and produce 
a plant perfectly similar to that which gave them birth. 
Plants which bear buds of this kind are called vivipa 
These are sometimes developed in the axilla of the leaf, 
in the Orange Lily (Lilium bulbiferum), sometimes in 
place of the flowers, as in the Mountain Garlic (Allium 
rinatum) ; or in the axils of the scales of bulbs, where 
are termed cloves. = 
192. Sporules, the small bodies which are developed 
different: parts of Ferns, Mosses, Lichens, resemble bulbils 
being destitute of the radicle, the gemmule, and the co 
don, to possess which is the distinguishing character of t 
true seed. S 
193. Endogenous plants seldom produce more than 
or three buds, and frequently only one bud annually, a 
the Palm, the bud of which has the appearance of a ca 
and in the Onion and other bulbous plants. Exog 
plants have a great many buds. Annual and biennial 
_ do not produce buds: they bear a plentiful supply of s 
for the purpose of propagation. See 
CHAP. IV.—LEAVES. 
194. Leaves are flat greenish organs, of various s 
: growing from the stem or branches, and situated immed 
below leaf buds. At first they are concealed in buds, 
as the season advances, they are gradually unfolded, and 
_ forth expanded, presenting a large surface for the action 
_ Leaves are situated on the axis or stem, and 
ite, opposite, or verticillate. te. They are 
above another, and on the opposite sid 
