COMPOUND FLOWERS. 103 
(Aster Chinensis),the Artichoke (Cynara Scolymus), and the 
Sunflower (Helianthus), are examples of this class. 
378. The florets are monopetalous, very small, and, in 
‘many, of two kinds; those of the dise, which are in the cen- 
tre, and those of the ray, which are in the circumference,— 
the external ones which enclose the preceding. 
_ 379. Those of the disc are tubular, and five-cleft ; and are 
yellow in the Daisy. Those of the ray are called ligulate, or 
-strap-shaped, and are expanded into a long, narrow ribbon- 
shaped leaf. They are white in the Daisy. 
_ 880. The calyx is closely adherent to the ovary, and is 
hot very distinct. It appears as a rim, or as pappus, at the 
top of the ovary. The stamens are five in number, and 
united by their anthers into a cylinder, through which the 
extremity of the style passes; and many of the florets are 
unisexual (288.) 
381. When the flower or head is composed solely of tu- 
-bular florets, it is called Posnions,; as the Reabucuses and 
Thistle. 
382. When all the florets are ligulate, the flower is ‘x 
late.or semiflosculous, as Lettuce (Lactuca), Dandelion. 
_ 883. When the central florets are tubular, and those of 
the circumference ligulate, the flower is radiate, as the Daisy, 
_the China Aster. 
_ 384, The calyx in most compound flowers terminates in 
little hairs, which remain and are elongated after the corolla 
has fallen, forming the pappus or seed down which acts the 
part of wings, and assists the seed to fly away from the re- 
ptacle. The calyx surrounds the ovary, and becomes the 
most external covering of the seed. oy 
385. The pappus is sessile when situated i yon 
called stipes, as in Lettuce ; simple, when hairy and undi- 
as in Lettuce ; feathery, when small fine hairs project 
from the sides ofthe larger hairs like a eather, oe 
beard (Tragopogon). = oe 
This singular tribe of plants will more fully desribed 
e top of the seed; stipitate, when su mage — 
