MONOHYPOGYNER, 239 © 
- They are found only in tropical climes, as South America, 
he East Indies, and the islands of Java, Borneo, and Suma- 
tra, where they are extensively cultivated. 
Economica, Propertres.—The use of Common Pepper 
as a condiment is well known; this is the berry of the Piper 
nigrum. The entire berry, when dry, forms what is called 
Black Pepper ; White Pepper is the internal part or seed of 
the same berry, the outer coat having been removed. The 
stimulant aromatic property is not confined to the berry ; it 
_ is found in the other parts of the plant. M. Pelletier has 
found in P. nigrum a crystalline substance of a peculiar na- 
ture, which he has called Piperin. 
_ The leaf of Piper Betle is chewed in India as a luxury, 
along with the nut of the Areca Catechu, a Palm, called Be- 
tel Nut, and a little lime: the composition is called Betle, 
and is much esteemed. The South Sea islanders prepare an 
- Mepiciwat, Prorerties.—Piper nigrum is stimulant and - 
carminative. Piper longum is used in several aromatic pre- — 
Parations. The berry of Piper Cubeba furnishes the cubebs 
of the shops, a well known purgative and diurectic, and used 
Paiba balsam. They are used in the form of powder and 
tincture. 
