APETALEZX. 
imbricated membranous bractee ; ovary thin, flat, and scaly, 
i-celled, 1-seeded ; pericarps acheniums, generally forming a 
ina kind of involucre, which becomes fleshy, as in the Ju- 
__ niper berry, containing about three minute acheniums, which 
are the true fruit, and in the Yew (Tarus); embryo in an 
oleaginous fleshy albumen, and included in two or more— 
cotyledons ; 3; radicle in union with the albumen. 
_ Exampues.—Scotch Fir (Pinus sylvestris), Larch (P.Lariz 
or Abies Larix), Juniper (Juniperus communis), Yew (Taxus 
baceata), Cedar of Lebanon (Larix Cedrus). 
Mepicinat Prorerties.—The Conifere are valuable in 
4 medicinal point of view, chiefly as furnishing the various 
kinds of resin so much used for cerates and plasters, and 
turpentines, with their volatile oils, which are active cathar- 
exudes from the trees is called Turpentine; by distillation a 
matter remains, which is resin. The Wild Pine or 
Fir (Pinus sylvestris) furnishes common turpentine (Te- 2 
rebinthina vulgaris), from which oil of turpentine and i. 
common or yellow resin (Resina flava), are obtained. 
Black pitch is a preparation of tar. The Larch (Pinus 
Lariz or Abies Larix) furnishes Venice Turpentine and eee 
volatile oil, The Bordeaux Turpentine is procured from 
Pinus Pinaster: Hungarian balsam from the Pinus Pumilio. 
Balsam Spruce (Pinus balsamea or Abies balsamea) yields 
Canada Balsam (Terebinthina canadensis). The § 
Fir (Pinus Abies) furnishes common Frankincense 
strobilus or cone; the female flowers are occasionally united 
tics, diuretics, and anthelmintics. The resinous juice which 
Volatile oil is driven off (Oil of Turpentine), and a solid — ’ 
Common tar is also obtained from this tree by burning. 
