312 MONOPETALEX—EPICOROLLE. | 
into three tribes; the Cynarocephale (Carduacez, Rich.), 
Cichoracex, and Corymbiferz. 
1. CynarocepHaLsz.—In this tribe the florets of the ca- 
pitulum are all tubular ¢ ‘flosculous): Thistle (Carduus), 
Artichoke (Cynara) are examples. 
2. Crchoracex.—In this tribe all the florets are ligulate 
(semi-flosculous), as in Lettuce (Lactuca), Dandelion (Leon- 
todon). 
3. CoryMBIFERS. Se this tribe the florets are tubular in 
the centre, and ligulate in the circumference of the head or 
capitulum, which is then called radiate ; as in Daisy (Bellis), _ 
Sun-flower (Helianthus). 
Another division is now added, bilabiate, in which the 
corolla is 2-lipped—called Muristacez. 
EconomicaL Propertires.—These are of little interest 
in this family. Among the Corymbifere we have Jerusalem — 
Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) the tubers of which form a 
wholesome article of diet ; and Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare), 
the leaves of which have an agreeable aroma, and are used 
‘for seasoning. Among the Cynarocephale, we have the 
Artichoke (Cynara Scolymus), the fleshy receptacle of the 
young flower of which is deemed a luxury. Among the 
Cichoracee, we have Lettuce, a cooling and agreeable salad, _ 
the leaves of Lactuca sativa; Endive (Cichorium endivia) — 
also a favourite salad ; and Succory or Chiccory (Cichorium — 
_ Intybus), the leaves of which are used as a salad, and th 
dried root has been recommended as a substitute for Coffee. 
MepicrnaL Propenties.—Bitterness i is the leading cha- 
