318 MONOPETALEZ—EPICOROLLEE. 
3 
a 
4 
: 
ed zstivation ; stamens 4 or 5, inserted on the corolla ; ovary 
with 2 many-seeded cells ; ovules, when numerous, attached | 
to a central placenta; style simple, or somewhat divided, » 
with the stigma also simple or divided ; pericarp generally a 
dehiscent 2-valved capsule, with 2 cells, sometimes a berry, 
and oceasionally many-celled ; seed with a hard or horny al- 
bumen. 
Examptes—The coffee-tree ( Coffea arabica), Ipecacuanha 
(Cephalis Ipecacuanha), Peruvian Bark (various species of 
Cinplone)- 
_ Economican Propertres.—Coffee is the roasted seed of 
the Coffea arabica, which belongs to this family. Coffee 
contains an acid, supposed by some to be gallic acid, a pe- 
culiar crystallizable principle called caffein, and an empyreu- 
matic oil. It is somewhat bitter, but contains an agreeable 
aroma, and is tonic and exciting. ‘ The fruit of some spe- 
cies of Gardenia, Genipa, and of Vangueria, the Voa 
Vanga of Madagascar, are succulent and eatable.”—Lindley. 
Mepicinat Prorertizs.—This is one of the most im- 
- portant natural families in a medicinal aspect ; it contains 
Cinchona and Ipecacuanha. Coffee also has been used me- 
dicinally in intermittent fever and in chronic diarrhea. 
Cinchona has long been reckoned a specific in intermittent 
fever. In general, the plants of this family are bitter and 
tonic, and some are emetic. There are three species of 
Cinchona or Quinquina mentioned by the pharmacopeias as 
furnishing Peruvian Bark, Lance-leaved Cinchona (C- 
: lancifolia), which yields the Pale Bark, or Crown Bark ; 
_ Oblong-leaved Cinchona (C. oblongifolia), from which the 
~ Red Bark is procured, and Heart-leaved Cinchona (C. cor- 
| difolia), which furnishes the Yellow Bark. Cinchona Bark 
tains two vegetable alkalis, Cinchonia and Quina, on 
its febrifuge properties depend, In the bark these 
_are in combination. wey inde acid... c. Joan 
