306 State Horticultural Society. 



especially trees transplanted two or three years old often make very slight 

 growth and develop very slender branches. The leaves, however, are more 

 nearly normal, and there is no premature growth. With trees showing 

 these characteristics it is well to examine the roots for Root Aphis, or other 

 troubles. 



Yellows is supposed to be contagious. Dr. E. F. Smith thinks that it 

 is a physiological disease, somewhat analogous to varigation in plants. 

 While no specific germ of the disease has been discovered, it is unquestion- 

 ably spread by means of bud inoculation and by proximity of affected trees. 

 While the cause is yet undetermined, the manner of spreading is for 

 practical purposes demonstrated. If yellows trees are permitted to re- 

 main in a district the disease spreads to other trees, though not neces- 

 sarily to the adjacent ones first. In many instances the secondary 

 cases are scattered irregularly about in the orchard. Not only is there 

 danger from the living trees, but also from those cut down. Cases are 

 cited where Yellows was spread by dragging uprooted diseased trees 

 through the orchard. Safety is therefore not attained by merely 

 cutting and piling the yellows trees. As yet no cure has ever been 

 discovered for Yellows. Experiments with fertilizers to cure Yellows 

 have proven of no avail. The only known remedy is the immediate 

 complete destruction of all affected trees by burning. 



ROSETTE. 



Rosette occurs in Georgia, and in parts of South Carolina, Missouri 

 and Kansas. This disease is similar in certain respects to Yellows, but 

 unlike it has a shorter course and somewhat different symptoms. Like 

 Yellows, the symptoms may appear first on part of the tree, when the 

 whole tree is diseased. The symptoms generally appear in the spring, 

 and the trees always die the following fall or winter. In trees affected 

 with Rosette, the leaf buds all grow into compact tufts or Rosettes, and 

 these Rosettes, although only two or three inches long, often contain 

 several hundred leaves. The older leaves at the base of the tufts are often 

 quite long, but have long inrolled margins and a peculiar stiff appearance. 

 They turn yellow and drop in early summer, while the inner leaves are 

 yet green. As in Yellows, the only remedy found is the complete destruc- 

 tion of all affected trees by burning. 



TWIG DISEASE WITH GUM FLOW. 



Within the last few years another new disease has made its appear- 

 ance, commonly known as "Twig Disease," "Gum Flow," "Gummosis," 

 etc. Briefly, the symptoms of this disease may be stated as the exuda- 



