368 State Horticultural Society. 



One of the serious drawbacks to orcharding in the northwest is 

 the fact that the trees are root tender. Subject to the intense cold 

 accompanied by the drying winds of the prairies the tree gives away 

 at the weakest point, and that point is often in the root system. 

 Varieties which seem hardy in trunk and bud are root killed. Now it 

 is evident if we are confronted with the problem of root killing, and 

 we'certainly are in the northwest, the plant that has been disturbed 

 just before the opening of winter is the one most likely to sufifer. In 

 this connection it is interesting to note that within the past few years 

 the practice of storing stock in cellars has become very general among 

 the nurserymen of this territory. One important advantage of this 

 plan is the guarding against loss by winter protection. In the memor- 

 able winter of 'g8-'gg the nurserymen of Iowa lost thousands of dol- 

 lars worth of nursery stock through the lack of these facilities. 



So if you are above the 41st degree of latitude and in the north- 

 west territory, I should in general certainly advise spring planting. 

 Even if the planting is delayed until spring there may be advantages 

 in receiving your stock in fall. In spring the nurserymen are always 

 rushed, and frequently it is late in the planting season when some of 

 the orders receive their turn for filling, while if your stock has been 

 delivered in fall and buried in some convenient spot, it is there and 

 convenient at the opening of spring. Fall delivered stock should 

 be buried in a trench on some sloping ground, placing a layer of trees 

 and then one of soil, and a final mounding over of both root and top 

 with earth. Thus stored, your trees are protected from the drying 

 winds, sudden changes of temperature, rabbits, and will pass through 

 the winter in good condition. If you do not care to take this extra 

 trouble of storage, leave them with your nurseryman until spring — he 

 should have proper facilities for their keeping, and is responsible for 

 their delivery to you in the spring in good condition. 



Briefly recapitulating^ south of the 41st degree of latitude, and 

 east, in a favorable season, fall transplanting can be recommended, 

 but in the northwest bury your trees until spring or do not receive 

 them until that time. Exceptions should be made to this statement 

 in the case of evergreens. These do not store well in trenches, and 

 should never be received in fall. — Orange Judd Farmer. 



