(probably along entire gulf coast) and Baja Cali- 

 fornia (occasionally); south through West Indies, 

 Central and South America to 40° S in Chile and 

 35° S in Argentina (White 1968; Rice in Hickey 

 ed 1969; Shor 1970a; Mueller and Berger 1961; 

 Hofslud 1966;Enderson 1965, 1969). 



Ward and Berry (1972), analyzing records of 

 sightings and bandings of fall migrants on the 

 outer beaches of Assateague Island, Maryland, 

 from 1939-1971, determined that the proportion 

 of immatures in different years was 81% to 91%. 

 Of birds trapped for banding in those years, only 

 8% of the adults and 30% of the immatures were 

 males. A decline in total numbers during the 

 study period was indicated (Ward and Berry 

 1972). Shor (1970) points out that data on pro- 

 duction indicate that this great preponderance of 

 immatures is impossible unless we assume that 

 about 90% of adult birds are not seen in migra- 

 tion. It was assumed that most of the birds re- 

 corded were Arctic Peregrines, the majority pos- 

 sibly from Greenland breeding localities, as in- 

 dicated by Shore (1970). 



Migrants appear in numbers on an island off 

 Kenai Peninsula, Alaska around 1 September. It 

 is not known where they go from there. Some in- 

 dividuals, almost certainly from the Arctic migrant 

 population, have been taken in July and August 

 in mid-latitudes of the United States (White 

 1969). 



Mueller and Berger (1961) recorded 150 pere- 

 grines in fall migration along the west shore of 

 Lake Michigan from 1952 to 1957. They were 

 seen with concentrations of hawks of various 

 species along that migration route, and their 

 abundance at any one time was correlated with 

 weather conditions that caused updrafts of air. 



RANGE MAP 



The Breeding range (Fyfe et al. 1976) and 

 migration range are shown on the following map. 



STATES/COUNTIES (within main migration 

 routes): 



Barnstable, Nantucket, Dukes 



Washington 



Suffolk, Nassau 



Monmouth, Ocean, Atlantic, 

 Cape May 



Delaware: Sussex 



Maryland: 

 Virginia: 

 North Carolina: 



South Carolina: 



Georgia: 



Florida: 



Minnesota: 

 Wisconsin: 



Illinois: 

 Texas: 



Massachusetts: 

 Rhode Island: 

 New York: 

 New Jersey: 



Worcester 



Accomack, Northampton 



Currituck, Dane, Hyde, Carteret, 

 Onslow, Pender, Hanover, 

 Brunswick 



Horry, Georgetown, Charleston, 

 Colleton, Beaufort 



Chatham, Liberty, Mcintosh, 

 Glynn, Camden 



Nassau, Duval, St. Johns, Flag- 

 ler, Volusia, Brevard, Indian 

 River, St. Lucie, Martin, Palm 

 Beach, Broward, Dade, Collier 



St. Louis 



Douglas, Door, Kewaunee, Man- 

 itowoc, Sheboygan, Ozaukee, 

 Milwaukee, Racine, Kenosha 



Lake 



Jefferson, Chambers, Galveston, 

 Brazoria, Matagorda, Calhoun, 

 Aransas, Nueces, Kleberg, 

 Kenedy, Willacy, Cameron 



HABITAT 



Peregrines prefer cliff ledges for nesting sites, 

 but in the absence of these, will nest on cutbanks 

 along rivers or coastal areas, on elevated landforms 

 known as dykes, and occasionally on low mounds 

 or even boulders. In nearly all instances, nests are 

 located in the immediate vicinity of a body of 

 water, either salt or fresh. If cliffs are not close to 

 water or if no food species are available, nesting 

 peregrines will be scarce or absent (Fyfe 1969). In 

 the case of joint occupancy of bluffs by peregrines 

 and gyrfalcons along the Colville River in Alaska, 

 peregrine nests were usually at the brink of a 

 slope or on a bluff to which a person could walk, 

 whereas gyrfalcon nests were on ledges on vertical 

 faces of cliffs, usually under an overhang, and ac- 

 cesible only by rope (White 1969). 



In arctic Canada, these falcons nest on cliffs 

 and cut banks of rivers if food is available nearby. 

 In the central Canadian barrens near Cotwoyto 

 Lake, the landforms known as dykes provide 

 rocky formations elevated over the surrounding 

 countryside that are suitable for nesting. Where 

 land relief is slight in the central barrens (tundra) 

 of Canada, peregrines nest on boulders and hum- 

 mocks as little as 1 m above the surrounding area. 



