Roger Evans 



Wildlife Biologist 



Lewis and Clark National Forest 



Great Falls, Montana 59401 



Mary M. Meagher 



Research Scientist 



Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming 83020 



Donald Mcintosh 



Bureau of Land Management 



P.O.Box 30157 



Billings, Montana 59101 



Robert K. Turner 

 National Audubon Society 

 P.O.Box 3232 

 Boulder, Colorado 80303 



Robert K. Ream 

 School of Forestry 

 University of Montana 

 Missoula, Montana 59801 



Donald S. Balser 

 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 

 Room 3035, Federal Building 

 Billings, Montana 59101 



Other Authorities 



Durward Allen (Eastern Timber Wolf) 

 Department of Wildlife Ecology 

 Purdue University 

 West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 



Roy McBride (Mexican 

 Department of Biology 

 Sul Ross State University 

 Box 725 

 Alpine, Texas 79830 



Douglas H. Pimlott 

 Department of Zoology 

 University of Toronto 

 Toronto, Ontario, Canada 



Robert Rausch (Alaskan Wolf) 

 Alaskan Department of Fish 

 Division of Game 

 Juneau, Alaska 99801 



and Gray Wolves) 



and Game 



PREPARER'S COMMENTS 



There is extensive controversy concerning 

 competition between wolves and hunters. Pimlott 

 (1975) suggests that wolves feed on the non- 

 breeding sector of the population and thus do not 

 depress prey populations, although he states that 

 in areas of heavy hunting, competition probably 

 does exist. R. Rausch (personal communication) 

 states that work in Alaska has shown that in 

 many cases wolves show a preference for adults 

 and thus can depress prey populations. A recent 

 study by Mech and Karns (1977) indicated that, 

 given a particular combination of factors, wolves 

 could severely deplete deer numbers and keep 

 them at a depressed level. 



LITERATURE CITED/SELECTED 

 REFERENCES 



Anon. 1977. Timber wolf declassification debated. 

 End. Species Tech. Bull. 2(3): 1, 2-4, 7. 



Crisler, L. 1956. Observations of wolves hunting 

 caribou. J. Mammal. 37:337-346. 



DeVos, A. 1950. Timber wolf movements of Sib- 

 ney Peninsula, Ontario. J. Mammal. 31(2): 

 167-169. 



Eastern Timber Wolf Recovery Team. 1975. Re- 

 covery plan for the eastern timber wolf. Preli- 

 minary draft. 79 pp. 



Hall, E. R., and K. R. Kelson. 1959. The mammals 

 of North America. 2 vols. Ronald Press, New 

 York. 



Hendrickson, J., W. L. Robinson, and L. D. Mech. 

 1975. Status of the wolf in Michigan, 1973. 

 Am. Midi. Nat. 94(l):226-232. 



Ingles, L. G. 1963. Status of the wolf in Califor- 

 nia. J. Mammal. 44:109. 



Jordan, O. A., P. C. Shelton, and D. L. Allen. 

 1967. Numbers, turnovers, and social struc- 

 ture of the Isle Royale wolf populataion. Am. 

 Zool. 7:233-252. 



Joslin, P. W. B. 1967. Movements and home sites 

 of timber wolves in Algonquin Park. Am. Zo- 

 ol. 7:279-288. 



