210 CALYCIFLOR^. 



a wash or gargle, in cases of salivation or disease of the gums. 

 The principal use to which the Chaw-stick is applied, however, 

 is as a substitute for the tooth-brush itself. For this purpose, 

 the extremity of a piece of a branch, which is usually about the 

 thickness of the little finger, is softened by chewing, and then 

 rubbed against the teeth. In this manner a tooth-brush and, 

 with it, a powder are obtained, equal, if not superior, to any 

 in use in Europe. 



Ceanothus. ' 



Calyx 5-fid, bell-shaped ; the base under the fruit 

 persistent and sub-adhering. Petals 5, small, with a 

 long claw, hooded, seldom O. Stamens 9, exserted, 

 before the petals. Styles 2-3, united as far as the 

 middle. Berry juiceless, 3- rarely 2- or 4-locular, 

 with chartaceous coccules, 1 -seeded, pervious at the 

 base, bursting on the inner side : seeds ovate. 



Trees or shrubs ; leaves ovate. — Name, from xzavo^oc, derived 

 from x;w to prick, the name of a prickly plant, noticed by 

 Theophrastus. 



1. Ceanothus sarcomphalus. Sea-side Buckthorn. 



Leaves ovate or oval glabrous very entire obtuse or 

 emarginate, peduncles terminal or axillary shorter 

 than the leaf racemoso-corymbose. 



Sarcomphalus, Brown, Jam. 179, — Rhamnus sarcomphalus, 



Linn. Amoen. V. 395. — Ku7ith,'Nov. Gen. Am. VII. 37 Poiret, 



Enc. Bleth. \Y . 467 — Ceanothus sarcomphalus, Z)e Cand. Prod. 

 II. 30. 



HAB. Common, between Kingston and Albion, on the Wind- 

 ward road. Near Hanson's Salt Pond. 



FL. April. 



About 13 feet in height: branches erect, terete; the bark 

 brownish-black, and, to the touch, scabrous. Leaves alternate, 

 shortly petiolate, glabrous, membranaceous, slightly emarginate. 

 Panicle axillary or terminal, cymose. Flowers small, greenish 

 yellow, very shortly pedicelled. Peduncles and pedicels mi- 

 nutely puberulous. Calycine segments acute. Petals scarcely 

 broader than the filaments which lie in their embrace. Disk 

 fleshy, surrounding the ovary. Style 2-fid. Berry rounded, 

 bilocular : seeds solitary, hemispherical. 



2. Ceanothus sphairocarpus. Round-fruited Jamaica 



Buckthorn. 



Leaves oblong acuminate serrated glabrous, pedun- 



