sowing them on the pasture is to be recommended. The writer recalls an 

 instance where a farmer in South Dakota obtained an excellent pasture by col 

 lecting western wheat-grass and filling in the bare places with it. Where the 

 wheat grasses are naturally abundant excellent results have been obtained by 



plowing uj) the pasture and keeping the stock off of it 

 until these grasses take possession, which occurs in a very 

 short time. 



Though timothy as a general thing is a poor pasture 

 grass for upland soils, it may sometimes be profitably 

 employed in old or worn pastures. The farmer very 

 often has a greater or less quantity of seed which has 

 shattered out in the hay mow. It has cost practically 

 nothing and would probatsly hardly pay for the cleaning if 

 he were to sell it. If this be scattered aboiit over the 

 pasture, either in the fall or spring, it will pay very well 

 indeed. The timothy may not live in the pasture more 

 than two or three years, but it will yield considerable 

 forage in the meantime and help the native gi"asses keep 

 down the weeds. In eastern Nebraska, Kentucky blue- 

 grass is one of the best grasses that can be used for reseed- 

 ing the native pastures. The seed may be sown just as the 

 last snow is melting in the early spring. The grass when 

 once started keeps slowly spreading, and after a time forms 

 an excellent sod. It begins its growth early in the spring 

 and, though often dry and short during midsummer, makes 

 good grazing after the fall rains, and hence gives a longer 

 season, during which the stock can be kept on the pasture. 

 Another plant which can be profitably used for this pur- 

 pose is white clover ; it persists in the soil for a long time 

 and, though small, adds considerably, both in quantity 

 and quality, to the pasturage and exerts a beneficial 

 influence upon the soil. 



SUMMARY. 



1. Keep from overstocking. 



'2. When the soil begins to get baked and packed, stir it 

 up with a harrow. 

 ^(findVoSou'^iutan^"' •^- ^^^^^ occasional light top-dressings of well rotted 



stable manure. 



4. Fill in thin spots with hardy tame or wild grasses before the weeds get a. 

 start. 



5. Keep the weeds mowed off so that the grasses may get the benefit of all the 

 plant food there is in the soil. 



Thomas A. Williams, 

 Approved : Assista ii f Agrostologist. 



James Wilson, 



Secretary. 



Washington, D. C, Norembcr 15, is'.rr. 



r^. 



