OF PLANTS 



tion is effected, under this Code, only by distribution of printed 

 matter (through sale, exchange, or gift) to the general public or 

 at least to botanical institutions with libraries accessible to 

 botanists generally." The name was validly published, under 

 Art. 13, which provides, "Valid publication ... is treated as 

 beginning, ... a. Spermatophyta and Pteridophyta, 1 May 1753 

 (Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 1)." 



It is published with references to earlier printed descriptions 

 in two of his own books, one book by Royen, and one by Bauhin. 

 This satisfies Art. 32(2), which requires that, "In order to be 

 validly published, a name of a taxon of recent plants must be 

 both (1) effectively published . . . and (2) accompanied by a de- 

 scription of the taxon or by a reference (direct or indirect) to a 

 previously and effectively published description of it." 



It is validly published with the new specific epithet to be 

 associated as a binomial with the generic name, under Art. 32, 

 fourth paragraph, which reads, "A combination is not validly 

 published unless the author definitely indicates that the epithet 

 or epithets concerned are to be used in that particular combina- 

 tion. . . . Examples, In Linnaeus* Species Plantarum the plac- 

 ing of the epithet in the margin opposite the name of the genus 

 clearly indicates the combination intended." 



Cydonia Ohlonga Miller, published in his great Gardeners Dic- 

 tionary, ed. 8, 1768, was effectively published. It contained a 

 description and the common name. Quince-tree. It also gave a 

 reference to the earlier Cydonia fructu ohlongo laeviori of 

 Tournefort's Institutiones Rei Herharii, 632, a book published in 

 1700. There the genus was described and illustrated, and the 

 name quoted above given for the quince. This was published 

 before the starting date of botanical nomenclature, 1753 (Art. 

 13), and the species was given not a binomial but a polynomial, 

 which is now illegitimate under Art. 23, which states: "The 

 name of a species is a binary combination consisting of 

 the name of the genus followed by a single specific epithet." 

 Consequently, the name published by Tournefort is ille- 

 gitimate, but the description and figure given by him can be 

 cited as the basis of a binomial that was published in or after 

 1753. Miller's Gardeners Dictionary was without numbered 

 pages, instead it was organized like an encyclopaedia, with the 



