viii PREFACE. 



my various messes and disfigurements of their decks. My best 

 thanks are further due to Staff- Commander T. H. Tizard, Navi- 

 gating Officer of the " Challenger;' who piloted us so safely 

 amongst so many reefs and into so many little-frequented 

 harbours. He was always ready to afford information during 

 the voyage, and has also done me much most generous service 

 in this way subsequently, whilst I have been preparing the 

 present work for the press. A reference to his valuable papers 

 on deep-sea temperatures will be found in the list at the end of 



this book. 



To Mr. E. Eichards, our Paymaster, we were all indebted for 

 the careful planning of many pleasant excursions on shore and 

 various acts of kindness. 



My indebtedness to my colleagues, Mr. J. Y. Buchanan, 

 Mr. J. Murray, Dr. J. J. Wild, and the late E. Von Willemoes 

 Suhm, I have expressed in several places in the text of this 



work. 



It is perhaps somewhat out of place in a private work of 

 the present kind, to express my gratitude to the actual pro- 

 moters of the "Challenger" Expedition — The Lords of the 

 Admiralty. I cannot, however, refrain from saying, as has so 

 often been done before by others, that all honour is due to 

 them for having promoted this memorable Expedition, and for 

 the completeness with which it was furnished in every respect. 

 The thanks of all scientific men are due to them, and I cannot 

 but feel personally thankful in consideration of the extreme 

 pleasure which I derived from the voyage. 



Thanks are no less due to the two successive hydrographers 

 to the Admiralty, Yice-Aclmiral Sir G. H. Eichards, Knt., C.B., 

 F.E.S., &c, and Captain F. J. Owen Evans, E.K, C.B., F.E.S., 

 for the skill with which the Expedition was planned and carried 

 out. I have to thank both of them for many advantages derived, 

 and also for their personal kindness to me on all occasions. 



