Xll 



CONTENTS. 



German Settler in the Country, 100. 

 Driving Cattle in the Bush, 101. Farm 

 Slaves, 102. Preparation of Cassava, 

 102. Overburdened Ant, 104. Three- 

 toed Sloth, 104. Slavery in Brazil, 105. 



CHAPTEE V. 



TRISTAN DA CUNHA, INACCES- 

 SIBLE ISLAND, NIGHTINGALE 

 ISLAND. 



Settlement of the Island, 108. Geological 

 Structure, 109. Vegetation, 110. Tem- 

 perature of Fresh Water, 111. Phylica 

 arborea, 111. Rigorous Climate, 112. 

 Condition of the Settlers, 113. In- 

 accessible Island, 114. Rock-hopper 

 Penguins, 117. Tussock grass. 117. 

 Penguin Rookeries, 119. Peculiar Land 

 Birds, 121. Noddies and other Sea 

 Birds, 123. Southern Skuas, 123. 

 Wild Swine, 124. Change of Habits 

 of Penguins, 125. Nightingale Island, 

 126. Vast Penguin Rookery, 127. 

 Seal Caves, 127. Rocks Worn by the 

 Feet of the Penguins, 128. Molly- 

 mauks and then- Nests, 130. Deriva- 

 tion of Seamen's Names for Southern 

 Animals, 129. Dogs run Wild in a 

 Penguin Rookery, 132. Migrations of 

 Penguins and Seals, 133. Insects, &c, 

 of the Group, 134. Flowering Seasons, 

 134. Sea Beans, 135. Relations of the 

 Flora, 135. 



CHAPTER VI. 



CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. 



Aspect and Formation of the Country, 

 138. Simon's Bay, 139. Appearance 

 of the Vegetation, 140. The Road to 

 Cape Town, 140. The Silver Tree, 

 142. Habits of Baboons, 143. The 

 Rock Rabbit, 144. Habits of Rodent 

 Moles, 145. Kitchen Middens, 147. 

 Burial Places of Natives, 149. Ante- 

 lopes, 150. An Ostrich Farm, 151. 

 Tracks of Animals in the Sand, 152. 

 Great Variety of Flowering Plants, 153. 

 Clawless Otter, 154. Land Planarians, 

 154. Chameleon, 154. Jackass Pen- 

 guins, 155. Bdellostoma, 156. Rare 

 Whale with Long Tusks, 157. Peri- 

 patus Capensis, the Ancestor of Insects, 

 159. The Turacou, 161. 



CHAPTER VII. 



PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND. THE 

 CROZET ISLANDS. 



Appearance and Formation of Marion 

 Island, 163. Vegetation of the Island, 



165. Azorella selago, 165. Limit of 

 Vegetation in Altitude, 168. Relations 

 of the Flora, 169. Former Extension 

 of Land in this Region, 169. Nesting 

 of the Great Albatross, 172. Mode 

 of Courtship, 174. Skuas, 174. 

 " Johnny " Penguins, 175. Rock- 

 hoppers, 175. Rookeries of King Pen- 

 guins, 176. Absurd Appearance of the 

 Young Birds, 177. Singular Mode of 

 Incubation, 178. Habits of Sheath- 

 bills, 179. Appearance of the Crozet 

 Islands, 181. Tree-trunks found in the 

 Islands by former Voyagers, 182. 



CHAPTER VIII. 



KERGUELEN'S LAND. 



Position of the Island, 184. Its Moun- 

 tains and Fjords, 185. Active Volcano, 

 186. Christmas Harbour, 186. Sea 

 Elephants and Fur Seals, 187. Shoot- 

 ing Teal, 190. The Kerguelen Cab- 

 bage, 191. Wingless Flies and Gnats, 



192. Vegetation at Successive Heights, 



193. Fossil Wood, 195. Rookeries of 

 Rock-hopper and Macaroni Penguins, 

 195. Penguins Inhabiting a Cave, 196. 

 Betsy Cove, 196. Glaciation of the 

 Land Surface, 197. Iceborne Rocks, 

 198. Excavation of the Fjords, 199. 

 Beds of Burnt Coal, 199. The Sea 

 Leopard, 200. Killing Sea Elephants, 

 201. Nature of the Trunk of the Sea 

 Elephant, 202. Carrion Birds, 206. 

 The Giant Petrel, 206. Habits of 

 Several Burrowing Petrels, 207. The 

 Diving Petrel, 208. Habits of Sheath- 

 bills, 209. Struggle for Existence 

 amongst the Birds. 213. Whaling 

 amongst the Kelp, 213. 



CHAPTER IX. 



HEARD ISLAND. 



Diatoms on the Sea Surface, 216. Mac- 

 donald Island, 216 Whisky Bay, 

 Heard Island, 217. Coast-line com- 

 posed of Glaciers, 219. Structure of 

 the Glaciers, 219. Terminal and 

 Lateral Moraines, 220. Glacier Stream, 

 221. Rocks Cut by Natural Sand 

 Blast, 222. Lava Flow and Denuded 

 Crater, 222. Scanty Vegetation, 224. 

 Range in Elevation of Arctic and 

 Southern Plants Compared, 225. Mode 

 of Hunting Sea Elephants, 227. Habits 

 of these Animals, 228. Sealers Inha- 

 biting Heard Island, 229. Birds of the 

 Island, 229. 



