126 



HarsJiberger.- 



- Ma ice 



The Zapotec word is xupaac, which is comparable to kup 

 and kupac, the Costa Rican for maize-field. The word kupac, 

 in Costa Rican, is equivalent to the word shipyac in the 

 language of the Timotes, a South American tribe, showing a 

 connection between the two continents. Nor does the evidence 

 cease here, 1 for the Mazatecs, in the northwestern part of the 

 State of Oaxaca, were related to the Mangues and Chapanecs 

 near Lake Managua, in Nicaragua. The Mangues had as 

 neighbors, beyond the Cordilleras, in Costa Rica, a group of 

 related tribes, the Talamancas, Bribris and Vezertas, which 

 have been shown by Dr. Max Uhle, Dr. Ernst 2 and other 

 students to be not distantly connected with the important 

 Chibcha stock of New Granada. The Chapanecs were 

 largely infiltrated with the blood of Costa Rican tribes, 

 with relations in South America, enabling us to to trace 

 influences of a South American linguistic stock as far north 

 as the northern border of Oaxaca, a discovery full of signifi- 

 cance for the history of aboriginal culture. The Maya word 

 ixim agrees apparently with the Mazatec nama as shown in the 

 comparison of nouns. 



Maize. 



Maya. 

 ixim. 



Xinca. 

 aima. 



Mazatec. 

 nama. 



Chapanec. 

 name. 



It was stated in another section, that the Peruvians origi- 

 nally lived in the neighborhood of Quito, where they came 

 in contact with the Chibchas and other tribes who carried on 

 a trade with the Indians across the Isthmus. The Kechua 

 (Peruvian) word for maize is sara, or zara, and cherchi signi- 



i Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, 1S92, 67; Zeitschrift fur Ethnologic 1885, 191. 

 - Brinton, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, 1892, 23. 



