4 BULLETIN UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA. 



often been greatly puzzled. As a result of these great variations, com- 

 bined with the mistakes one is likely to make in undertaking a task like 

 this so far from library centers and large collections, we feel that we 

 have certainly made many errors, of which we are now not aware. We 

 have at least brought together the material in the state and have brought 

 it into some kind of order for students of butterflies later to make more 

 perfect. The task has been all the more difficult because the state con- 

 tains specimens from the Great Plains region, from the Pacific coast 

 region, and from the Boreal fauna in the north. 



The collections examined and recorded in this bulletin are the follow- 

 ing: (1) The collection made by the writer, almost entirely in the 

 museum of the University of Montana, made during the past eight seasons 

 of collecting. These have been taken mostly in the western end of the 

 state. The numbers of specimens in the collection has not been deter- 

 mined, but there are many thousand. (2) George E. Barnes, a graduate 

 of the University, made a collection of several hundred in the vicinity of 

 Aldridge, In the southern part of the state near the Park. These were 

 generously donated by him to the University. (3) E. N. Brandegee, of 

 Helena, made a collection of several hundred specimens in the vicinity of 

 Helena in 1902. These he very kindly placed at the disposal of the writer 

 for examination and study. (4) The late C. A. Wiley, of Miles City, made 

 an extensive collection of Lepidoptera in eastern Montana during his sev- 

 eral years of residence in Montana. This collection came to the Uni- 

 versity entire, and has been gone over carefully. (5) The collection at 

 the Montana College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts at Bozeman, the 

 work of Professor R. A. Cooley, was very kindly placed at my disposal by 

 Prof. Cooley. This contains a good series of insects, excellently mounted, 

 and in some cases from high altitudes. Eugene Coubeaux, of Big Sandy, 

 made a collection during the summers of 1904 and 1!^05, and very kindly 

 loaned specimens for examination. He also furtnisaed notes regarding 

 the abundance of each species. These five collections practically 

 represent the butterfly collections in the state. They contain specimens 

 from the extreme east and west, and from the south. The great section 

 of country tributary to the Missouri river in the northeast is not repre- 

 sented, nor is the extreme north in the Rocky Mountains. Other authors 

 have been referred to and quoted freely. 



The illustrations are almost entirely original. The colored plate is 

 the result of the work of Mrs. Edith Ricker, of Burlington, Iowa, who has 

 spent three summers at the Station at Flathead. Colored drawings were 

 made from specimens and the colored drawings were made into the 

 printed plate by the three color process. It is to be regretted that the 

 expense precluded more generous use of colored plates, instead of the 

 half tones. Many of the drawings were also made by Mrs. Ricker and her 

 brother, Lisle W. Brown, now in connection with the Eastman Kodak 

 Company, including all of the figures of wing venation, except a few made 

 by Claude Spaulding, laboratory assistant at the University. The photo- 

 graphs of butterflies were made by Miss Maley, Mr. Spaulding and the 

 writer. Other photographs used have appropriate credit given with each. 



