90 



BULLETIN UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA. 



THE TORTISE SHELLS. 

 Genus Eugonia Hubner. Fig. 71. 

 Butterfly — Medium sized insects, wings above generally some shade 

 of black or brown, marked with red, yellow or orange. The head is 

 moderately large, eyes hairy, palpi more or less 

 scaled, prothoracic legs feeble and ha'ry. The cut 

 shows the wing venation. The cell of the primaries 

 may or many not be closed. The cell of the second- 

 aries is open. The fore wings have the outer margins 

 more or less deeply excavated between the extremities 

 of the upper radial and the first meaian veins, at 

 which points the wings are rather strongly produced 

 The hind wings have the outer margin denticulate, 

 strongly produced at the extremity of the third median 

 nervule. 



Early Stages — The eggs are short, ovoid, broader 

 at the base, ridged at the summit. They are generally 

 laid in large clusters upon the twigs of the food plant. 

 The mature caterpillar is cylindrical, adorned with 

 long, branching spines in longitudinal rows. It feeds 

 upon the elm, willow, and poplar. The insects hiber- 

 nate in the imago form, and are among the first to 

 appear in the spring. 



Fig. yr. Venation of 

 EugoniaJ. album. 



THE COMPTON TORTISE. Eugonia j. album, Boisduval Leconte. 



Fig. 72. 



Fig. 72. Eugonia j. album. 



Butterfly — Expanse of wings, 2.50 to 2.75 in., 64 to 70 mm. Upper sur- 

 face dull yellowish, dusky at base, washed more or less with rusty brown, 

 especially on the basal half. Outer border of fore wings dull black with 

 a double crenate line and two more or less large costal bars — one at the 

 end of the cell, and the other between the cell arid a white sub-apical 



