Sarracenias with that of Their Parents 35 



glands. They lie embedded in the tissue of the papillae, for 

 the most part at their base. The honey secretions are poured 

 out into the tiny crevasses between the papillae, and are drawn 

 upwards by capillarity to the lower part of the ovary, there 

 to collect about the base of the filaments as has been noted by 

 Macfarlane above. 



The papillae, mentioned as being nectariferous (28) in them- 

 selves, are oblong masses of fundamental tissue. The outer- 

 most or epidermal layer and a subepidermal layer become en- 

 larged, and regular, forming a noticeable bounding layer. These 

 two outer layers contain a peculiar substance from the earliest 

 stages of their differentiation. They have on their outer sur- 

 face a coating of wax which gives with alkanna and Soudan 1 1 1 

 a characteristic reaction. The tissue of the papillae is richly 

 supplied with oil globules. The contents of the cells of the 

 bounding layers stain deep brown with iodine and potassium 

 iodide, indicating perhaps that an alkaloid is present. Its 

 position and abundance may indicate the presence of such a 

 protective substance. An alkaloid has been mentioned as being 

 present in the family by Porcher (34). Sarracenin was the 

 name temporarily applied to it, and it was thought to have 

 medicinal value for stomach troubles and smallpox. Such an 

 alkaloid, however, is not mentioned in such a treatise as that of 

 Winterstein and Grier. Several diagnostic tests for alkaloids 

 were applied besides iodine in potassium iodide. Nitric acid 

 on sections dampened with potassium hydroxide in alcohol 

 gave a rather deep orange color, with here and there a decided 

 pink tint in the bounding layers. No reaction occurred with 

 platinic chloride. On adding ammonia, a decided bright green 

 color was obtained. 



In view of the fact that these papillae have their outer walls 

 heavily thickened and covered with a protective waxy coating; 

 and are supplied with abundant nectariferous glands over the 

 lower portion, it is evident that the nectar is secreted by the 

 glands and not by the papillae as a whole. 



Conclusions 



It will be seen from the above description that the hybrid 

 forms, in comparison with their parents, are intermediate in 

 relation in almost all details. 



