Monolropaceae with Reference to Ericaceae 87 



palnstre; to three to four in Loiseleuria procumbens, Epigaea 

 repens, and Lyonia calyculata; to two to three in Ledum groen- 

 landicum, Kalmia latifolia, Agarista revoluta, Diplycosia pilosa, 

 and Andromeda polifolia; to two in Cassiope hypnoides, Gay- 

 lussacia pinifolia, Dendrium buxifolium, and Vaccinium uligi- 

 nosium: to one in Vaccinium myrtillus and Chiogenes hispidula. 



The Pyrolaceae show a gradual reduction in the number of 

 palisade layers. Chimaphila umbellata has three; C. maculata 

 two; P. chlorantha and Moneses uniflora one; P. rotundifolia, 

 P. secunda, P. minor all have no palisade tissue developed, nor 

 is it present in any of the Monotropaceae. 



Conglomerate and single crystals are common in many mem- 

 bers of the Ericaceae occurring in the palisade or spongy paren- 

 chyma, or in both. Niedenzu (56) has given a table of their 

 distribution in the Arbutoideae and Vaccinioideae (pp. 175, 176). 

 In the Pyrolaceae only conglomerate crystals occur and these 

 are found in the spongy mesophyll. The writer has found them 

 in C. umbellata, C. maculata, P. rotundifolia, P. elliptica, Moneses 

 uniflora. Rommel (65) reports their presence in P. minor and 

 P. chlorantha. The writer has not found any crystals in the 

 leaves of any of the Monotropaceae examined. 



The Inflorescence 



In C. umbellata, the flowerstalk is about 1 dm. long with 

 no scales. The flowers are arranged in a 2-8-flowered corymb, 

 each flower on a slightly recurved pedicel 8-12 mm. in length. 

 This comes off in the axil of a linear subulate, smooth, deciduous 

 bract. 



In C. maculata, the flowerstalk is about 1 dm. long with no 

 scales. There are 1-5 flowers arranged in a corymb; the pedicels 

 are pubescent and about 16-18 mm. long. The bracts are 

 linear, about 15 mm. long, with the margin appearing slightly 

 fimbriolate near the apex on microscopic examination. 



In P. rotundifolia, the entire flowerstalk is 2-3 dm. in length 

 with two scales. There are 6-20 flowers arranged in a raceme, 

 each flower being borne on a smooth recurved pedicel, 6-10 

 mm. long, in the axil of a lanceolate bract that is 5-8 mm. long. 

 This also, when examined microscopically, shows a somewhat 

 fimbriolate margin toward the apex. 



