1 62 Boeshore — The Morphological Continuity of 



teeth being longer than the tube. These are in pairs, with the 

 upper pair slightly longer than the lower pair. Short, blunt, 

 unicellular hairs and stomata are distributed over the surface 

 of the calyx. 



In Bellardia the calyx is much larger than in Melampyrum, 

 and consists of the lower half of a bell-shape while the upper 

 half is divided into 4 teeth. As in Melampyrum, the two lower 

 teeth are about two-thirds the size of the upper ones. A prom- 

 inent vein runs into each tooth. The hairs are numerous and of 

 two kinds; very long, slender, unicellular, pointed hairs are 

 found mainly along the edges of the teeth and prominent veins, 

 and the less numerous 3- to 4-celled glandular hairs only along 

 the main veins and edges of the teeth ; while between the prom- 

 inent veins they are almost wholly of the pointed type, but short 

 and unicellular. Stomata are also present. 



In Fistularia (Alectorolophus Bieb., Rhinanthus L. p. p.) the 

 calyx consists of 4 sepals in pairs, the parts of which are united 

 almost to their tips, but the pairs are separated for more than 

 half of their length. Two sides of the calyx are pressed together 

 in the young state, which in the fruiting stage become inflated 

 and persistent around the fruit. Two types of hair are found 

 on the surface; a short unicellular, and a long multicellular 

 pointed type, also a glandular type with two rounded cells form- 

 ing the top. 



In species of Gerardia the bell-shaped calyx is 5-toothed, the 

 teeth in most cases are shorter than the tube. In G. purpurea the 

 teeth are very short to half the length of the tube and sharp- 

 pointed. G. flava was referred to before as covered with a fine 

 close down, which character applies to the calyx as well. A 

 peculiar feature of the hairs in this species is the spiral thicken- 

 ings found in them. The short pointed type is rare or wanting 

 entirely. In G. aspera and G. purpurea the short, pointed hairs 

 are the predominant type; these are both one- and several-celled. 

 The latter has also short glandular hairs. Stomata are a com- 

 mon feature in the three species. The epidermal cells are reg- 

 ular in outline. 



In Euphrasia americana the calyx is small, 4-toothed, the 

 teeth being longer than the tube and lanceolate. Pointed uni- 

 cellular hairs are quite common, but are not found all the way to 

 the tip of the calyx teeth. The short glandular hairs are con- 



