THE ALUMNI JOURNAL 129 



CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF URIN. 

 Spring, 1913. 



1. Enumerate the causes of turbidity in urin. What is meant by an 



amphoteric reaction? What is such reaction due to? 



2. Which of the soHd constituents is present in the largest quantity? 



How are total solids obtained from the density of the sample? 

 How can the density of urin be most accurately found? 



3. Outline the determination of urea representing the principal re- 



action by an equation. Why should the reading of the ureo- 

 meter be taken some time after the reaction is ended? 



4. What volumetric solutions, indicators and other reagents are used 



in the volumetric determination of (a) total phosphates, 

 (b) alkali phosphates? How are the two kinds of phosphates, 

 present in urin, separated? 



5. Tn a determination of uric acid were used: urin 150 cc, N/20 



potassium permanganate V. S. 3.2 cc. The acid liquid from 

 which the nric acid deposited measured 52.5 cc. Calculate the 

 amount of uric acid found per 100 cc. Factor for uric acid:= 

 0.00375; solubility of uric acid in dil.HCl=:i :i5,ooo. 



6. Give the qualitative composition of two reagents employed for 



the detection of sugar. How would you test a sample of urin 

 with these reagents? How is sugar in urin determined volu- 

 metrically ? 



7. What method was employed by you for the determination of 



chlorides? How much sodium chloride will be indicated by 

 I cc. of AgN03 V. S. consumed, if its strength is 94 per cent, 

 tenth normal? Sodium chloride=58.46. Silver nitrate 

 = 169.89. 



8. What happens when strong solutions of alkali hydroxides or con- 



centrated acids act on albumin ? How is concentrated HNO3 

 used as a reagent for albumin ? How is the presence of albu- 

 min told Iw this test? 



9. How is albumin determined by the Esbach's method? Do you 



consider this method an accurate one ? Why ? What other 

 methods can be used? 



10. State how you would detect the following substances if present 

 in urin: acetone, bile, blood. 



