90 



ESSENTIALS OF VEGETABLE PHARMACOGNOSY 



employing the two terms connected by a 

 hyphen. Thus, Lance-ovate, or Ovate- 

 lanceolate (Fig. 412a) indicates that the 

 form is intermediate between lanceolate 

 and ovate; crenate-dentate and serrate- 

 dentate are similarly employed. A simi- 

 lar intermediate condition is sometimes in- 

 dicated by prefixing the term sub, thus 



sub-cordate, sub-sessile, sub-acute. Other 

 intermediate terms very commonly em- 

 ployed are acutish and obtusish. 



A continaation or extension of the pin- 

 nately or palmately parted condition into 

 that of the true compound leaf gives us 

 the Pinnate (Figs. 391, 465 and 466), or. 

 on the other hand, the Palmate or Digi- 

 tate leaf (Fig. 459). Before proceeding to 

 define the distinct, forms of the two. 

 classes, we note that it is not always pos- 

 sible to identify them with readiness. For 

 example, the ancestral form of the leaf of 

 the orange was pinnate, but at the pres- 

 ent time we find that only the terminal 

 leaflet remains, tliere being usually at the 

 base more or less of au indication of the 

 two lateral leaflets which once existed 

 (Fig. 4G0). Such a leaf caiuiot, therefore, 

 be properly designated as simple, and we 

 designate it as a Unifoliolate compound 

 leaf. Compound leaves with three leaf- 

 lets, usually designated as Trifoliolate, 

 frequently give us considerable difficulty 

 in determining whether they are pin- 

 uately or palmatoly compound. The ques- 

 tion is to be decided in accordance with 

 the point at which disarticulation occurs. 

 If palmate, the base of the blade must be 



the point at which the three petioles sep- 

 arate, so that when disarticulation occura 

 no rhachis will remain extending beyond 



