62 MEALS MEDICINAL. 
cent of other carbohydrates (warming constituents) which are 
transformable into sugar. Because all these leading principles 
are very soluble in water, the tubers should be stewed, and served 
with the juice, rather than boiled, and then taken out of their 
water. Again they are good if cooked au gratin, with whole 
capers instead of cheese ; layers of artichoke with bread crumb 
between, adding the capers, and small bits of butter. These 
tubers contain 4 per cent more water than potatoes do. If 
served with milk, the Jerusalem Artichoke curdles this just as 
rennet acts. 
Jerusalem Artichokes may be scalloped, to imitate scalloped 
oysters. Cut up a few of these Artichokes, and stew them till 
tender. Put one ounce of butter into a saucepan, and when it is 
melted dredge in flour enough to dry it up; add a little white 
stock from “ bread soup,” and give one boil. Now put back the 
Artichokes; with some pepper, and salt, and a little cream. 
Have ready some buttered scalloped oyster tins, lay the Arti- 
chokes in them, and as much liquid as they will hold ; cover them 
over with bread crumbs, upon which drop a little melted butter. 
Brown them before the fire, or in the oven, and serve very hot 
indeed. Or, by another way, the remnant of cold boiled Arti- 
chokes from a previous meal may be utilized. Six good-sized 
ones will be required for the purpose; rub these vegetables 
through a wire sieve, and stir into them two tablespoonfuls of 
thick raw cream, with one wineglassful of liquified butter ; 
season to taste with salt, pepper, and a dust of cayenne. Scald, 
skin, and remove the bones from half a dozen fine sardines, and 
press the flesh likewise through the sieve, mix it with the Arti- 
choke paste, and add sufficient grated bread-crumbs to work it 
to a not too stiff paste. Have ready some oyster shells, which 
must be scrupulously scrubbed first, and pile a small quantity 
of the mixture upon each; then strew bread crumbs over the 
surface, and bake in a quick oven until just delicately browned, 
no real cooking being needed ; serve very hot indeed, and garnish 
with fresh parsley. 
The fresh juice of these Artichokes being pressed out beiore 
the plant blossoms, was employed in former days for restoring 
the hair of the head, even when the case seemed hopeless, and 
the person was quite bald. As a fact not generally known, it 
may be stated casually that red-haired individuals are credited 
_ with an immunity from baldness, Three dark hairs, being of 
