408 MEALS MEDICINAL. 
Honey, as explained by Dr. Hutchison, is richer in sugar 
than any malt extract, and is preferable thereto, besides being 
cheaper. To be used-for medicinal purposes “ kowno”’ honey, 
produced in the linden forests of Lithuania, is the most famous. 
HOPS (See Hers). 
HORSE-FLESH. 
Ar the Langham Hotel, London, in February, 1868, a banquet 
of Horseflesh was given, with the view of testing the culinary 
merits thereof, and its nutritive capabilities. The verdict on a 
roasted horse-joint at that time was: This flesh leaves a pungency 
on the palate, as does likewise the horse-tea, which was proposed 
instead of beef-tea for the hospitals. Baron Larry, the eminent 
French surgeon to Napoleon I, had great faith in bouillon made 
from horse-beef, and he gave this to the wounded soldiers in all 
his campaigns. During the French Revolution, the populace 
were fed for six months on the flesh of horses, and no harm 
resulted, though loud complaints were made against it. Thirty 
thousand horses were killed and eaten in Paris alone during 
1901, and there are now in that city two hundred and fifty horse- 
butchers’ shops. The meat is coarse, and ill-flavoured, yet the 
taste for it steadily grows, mainly perhaps because this meat is 
cheaper than beef; but, unless the people approved of it, they 
would not consume it so widely, on the score of cheapness alone. 
Its colour is darker than that of beef, and it has a distinctively 
less acceptable odour. After standing for some time, it develops 
a peculiar soapy feeling to the touch, with a sickly smell; and 
its surface assumes a characteristic iridescent appearance. The 
horse fat contains a specially abundant quantity of the fatty acids. 
One fact connected with the use of horse-flesh as an article of 
human diet, which, besides other considerations, is likely to 
interfere with its general adoption, finds proof through the 
Pampas Indians, who habitually live on mare’s flesh, and who 
exhale a peculiarly disagreeable, sickening stench. ‘“ You smell 
hke an Indian,” has been overheard in a ball-room, as a young 
lady’s reason for not dancing with a distinguished General who 
had been dining off mare’s flesh. 
It is said authoritatively that the common repugnance to 
Horse-flesh as human food cannot be logically defended, if one 
