450 MEALS MEDICINAL. 
and sugar is good, and profitable to strengthen the stomach, that 
it may retain and keep the meat therein until it be perfectly 
digested. It also stayeth all kinds of fluxes both of the belly, 
and of other parts, and also of blood. Which Cotiniat is made 
in this manner. Take four quinces, pare them, cut them in 
pieces, and cast away the core; then put into every pound of 
quinces a pound of sugar, and to every pound of sugar a pint of 
water. These must be boiled together over a still fire till they 
be very soft ; next let it be strained, or rather rubbed through a 
strainer, or a hairy sieve, which is better. And then set it over 
the fire to boil again until it be stiff; and so box it up, and as it 
cooleth put thereto a little rose water, and a few grains of musk, 
mingled together, which will give a goodly taste to the Cotiniat. 
This is the way to make Marmalad.” 
Quinces contain malic acid, and exhale a strong volatile odour 
by their skins. The ancients regarded this fruit as the emblem 
of happiness, and love ; it was dedicated to Venus. 
MARROW FROM ANIMAL BONES. 
Wiruin the interior of bones from a newly-slaughtered animal, 
there is found a soft tissue possessing salutary virtues, whether 
this is obtained from the cylindrical hollow of long bone shaits, 
or from the cancellated interior of flat bones. Ordinary marrow 
from the former source is a soft yellow solid, consisting of about 
ninety-five per cent of fat ; whilst the red bone marrow from 
the flat bones of the skull, breast, ribs, and spine, is softer, 
and contains very few fat cells, but numerous marrow cells, and 
others resembling the nucleated red corpuscles of the unborn 
infant. The spinal marrow is a tissue of an entirely different 
character irom the marrow of the bones, whether long, or flat. 
It is found in the perpendicular cavity running throughout the 
chain of the spina] column, or divisions of the backbone. Said 
Browning of Sordello :— 
** He was fresh-sinewed, every joint, 
Each bone new-marrowed, as whom Gods anoint, 
Though mortal, to their rescue.” 
“* Marrow,” quoth Dr. Tobias Venner, in Via Recta (1620), “1S 
much more laudable than the braine, for it is sweeter, an 
pleasanter, of a firmer substance, and of an hot and moist 
temperature; it maketh much good, and pure nourishment ; 
