552 MEALS MEDICINAL. 
for “ Perdrix aux choux”’ a quaint recipe is given in The Professed 
Cook (1776) by Clermont, “‘ for many years clerk of the kitchen 
to some of the first families.” 
PASTRY. 
Tue Latin term for bread is panis, and its diminutive is pastilus, 
a small baked loaf, or roll; and hence has come our word 
Pastry ; else through Pastus, ‘‘something eaten.’”’ From a very 
early period the Orientals were acquainted with the art of making 
Pastry. At first it generally consisted of certain mixtures of 
flour, oil, and honey, to which it was restricted for centuries ; 
subsequently, at the commencement of the middle ages, changing 
to a compound of flour, eggs, butter, and salt, made into a paste 
for enclosing meat, whilst seasoned with spices. And the next 
step was to further include fruits, conserves, and cream. 
Finally, ornamental pastry, built up as pyramids, castles, and 
other fanciful designs, brought the art of pastry-making to 
supposed perfection. 
“You that from pliant Paste would fabricks raise, 
Expecting thence to get immortal praise, 
Your knuckles try, and let your sinews know 
Their power to knead, and give the form to Dough ; 
Chuse your materials right, and seasoning fix, 
And with your fruit resplendent sugar mix ; 
From thence, of course, the figure will arise, i 
And elegance adorn the surface of your Pyes.” 
Art of Cookery, 1708. 
Three Greek capital letters formed Hogarth’s design for an 
invitation to dinner,—H. B. P.,—Heeta, Beta, Pi,—to “ eat a 
bit 0’ pie.” Against Mince-pies great conscientious objections 
were at one time raised. In the seventeenth century Quakers 
denounced these dainties as an invention of the Scarlet Woman 
of Babylon; a hodge-podge of superstition, Popery, the Devil, 
and all his works. 
“Plum broth was Popish; and Mince Pie— 
Oh! that was flat idolatry!” 
Hupisras. 
A couple of hundred years ago it was a question of ecclesiastical 
debate whether clergymen ought to eat Mince-pies, because 
of their Popish origin; they were baked in a coftin-shaped 
crust to represent the manger in which the infant Christ was laid. 
