ROSES. 597 
friend, too, making manure of it! he is part of the picture. I 
understand that almost all the Netherland battlefields have 
already given up their bones to British husbandry. Why not 
the old English next ? Honour to thrift: If of five thousand 
wasted men you can make a few usable turnips, why, do it!” 
ROSES. 
CERTAIN curative properties, which may be rendered in culinary 
forms, are possessed by both the wild Dog Rose of our country 
hedges, and by the cultivated varieties of this queen of flowers 
in our Rose gardens. The fruit of the wild Rose, which is the 
common progenitor of all the Roses, beats the name “ Hips.” 
Gerarde has told that “ Heps maketh most pleasant meats, or 
banquetting dishes, as tarts, and such like, the concoction 
whereof I commit to the cunning cook, and teeth to eat them 
in the rich man’s mouth.” The woolly down which is formed 
inside the hips serves usefully as a medicine for expelling round 
worms from the intestines, on the lining membrane of which it 
acts mechanically without irritating this mucous coat. A sauce 
Eglantine (from the Briar Rose) was frequently served at 
Balmoral in Queen Victoria’s time. This was made from the 
hips which grow so abundantly on the wild rose trees (in the 
autumn) by the roadsides on the Balmoral estate, the hairy 
seeds having been first removed from within these hips, and a 
sweet purée being then made of the red berries in pulp, with a 
little lemon juice, or other acid, added. The hairs which line 
each Rose hip inside around the achene, will, if swallowed, being 
insoluble, cause an itching of the fundament. Petals of red 
Roses are found to contain a volatile oil, colouring matter, 
tannin, gallic acid, fatty elements, albumen, soluble potash salts, 
insoluble calcareous salts, silica, and oxide of iron. At Mitcham 
Rose-petals are dried in a stove, because slow spontaneous 
desiccation by mere exposure to the sun and air impairs both 
their astringency, and their colour ; the petals of the unexpanded 
flowers are chosen for drying. The poet Pope has told about 
the rude savage who 3 
“Restrained by none but nature’s lenient laws, 
Quaffs the clear stream, and feeds on hips, and haws.” 
Rose-leaf jam was a favourite preserve with Queen Natalie, of 
Servia. Two sorts of this confection are provided, one from 
