— 
der-blade, at the upper and lower part ; use, to move: the aS 
blade upwards and backwards: 2 Se sega phen a} 
The Splint—Arises from the spines of the four last neck and four 
upper back joints ; inserted into the two first neck joints and the side 
of the hinder bone; use, to move the head backwards and to one side. 
Upper Back Saw-like—Arises from the spinous processes of the 
three last neck and two upper back joints; inserted into the stcond, 
third, and fourth ribs, by three fleshy tongues. Weta 
Of the Back Bone—Arises from two spinous processes of the — 
loins and three lower back joints; inserted into all the spinous pro- . 
cesses of the back bone except the first; use, to extend the joi its 
of the back bone. z ae mae 
Raisers of the Ribs—Arise from the cross processes Of the last 
neck and the back joints ‘i nserted into the angles.of the ribs; use, __ 
to lift the ribs upwardss-= =" sh ih 
Sacred Loin—Arises from the sacred bone, spine of the haunch? 
the spinous and cross processes of the loin joints; inserted into the 
lower edge of each rib by a flat tendon; use, to draw the ribs down- 
wards, to move the body upon its axis, to assist the long muscle ef 
the back, and to turn the neck back, or to the side. ao. 
Longest of the Back—Arises from the same as the former by one 
common broad tendon ; inserted into the cross processes of all the — 
back and one neck joint; use; te stretch the joifits of the back and 
keep the trunk erect. eae Bes 
Embracer—Arises from the cross processes of the four lower neck 
and seven upper back joints ; inserted into the middle of the hinder 
bone at its eminence ; use, to draw the head backwards. — 
‘Week Breast-like—Arises from the cross process of the three upper. 
back and five last neck joints ; inserted into the hinder bone behind 
the breast-like process of the temple bone ;/use, to draw the head 
backwards. : Foo ae 
Raiser of the Shoulder-blade.—Arises from the cross 
of the four upper neck joints ; inserted into the upper corner of 
shoulder-blade ; use, to move the shoulder-blade forwards and up- 
wards. “f Fi 
Half Back Bone—Arises from the cross processes of the | 
eighth, ninth and tenth back joints; inserted into the spin 
cesses of the four upper back and last neck joints ; 1 
the spine obliquely backwards : : oy 
ny Slitted Spine—Arise from the sacred bone, haunch bone; 
slant and cross processes of the loin joints, the cross of the back 
and four neck joints ; inserted into the spinous processes of the loin, 
back and neck joints, except the first of the neck joints; use, to ex-— 
tend and draw backwards or to one side, the back, and prevent the 
. back bone from leaning too much in front. oe = 
Neck Spine—Arises from the er “processes of the six uppet 
Joints of the back; inserted into the spinous processes of the fivé 
Ca a sol 
ge 
thiddle neck joints; use, to stretch the neck slantingly backwa: 
~ Transverse Neck—Arises from the crossing processes of the 
back joints; inserted into the cross processes of 
use, to turn the neck backwards and to 
